Journal
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 37, Issue 1, Pages 1620-1631Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2084088
Keywords
Antibiotic resistance; MRSA; antibacterial agent; DNA Gyrase inhibitors; computer-aided drug design
Funding
- CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences [2021-I2M-1-069]
- Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province [20210302124300]
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital Scientific Research Fund for Talent Recruitment [2021RC008]
- Universities and Colleges Key Programs for Foreign Talent of State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs P.R. China [T2018042]
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Emerging drug resistance highlights the need for new and effective antibiotics. This study used a 4-hydroxy-2-quinolone fragment to search for potential GyrB inhibitors and identified a novel and potent inhibitor, f1, with promising activity against drug-resistant bacteria. Further structural modification resulted in two more potent GyrB inhibitors, f4 and f14. Compound f1 exhibited superior antibacterial activity against MRSA, low toxicity to cells, and metabolic stability.
Emerging drug resistance is generating an urgent need for novel and effective antibiotics. A promising target that has not yet been addressed by approved antibiotics is the bacterial DNA gyrase subunit B (GyrB), and GyrB inhibitors could be effective against drug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Here, we used the 4-hydroxy-2-quinolone fragment to search the Specs database of purchasable compounds for potential inhibitors of GyrB and identified AG-690/11765367, or f1, as a novel and potent inhibitor of the target protein (IC50: 1.21 mu M). Structural modification was used to further identify two more potent GyrB inhibitors: f4 (IC50: 0.31 mu M) and f14 (IC50: 0.28 mu M). Additional experiments indicated that compound f1 is more potent than the others in terms of antibacterial activity against MRSA (MICs: 4-8 mu g/mL), non-toxic to HUVEC and HepG2 (CC50: approximately 50 mu M), and metabolically stable (t(1/2): > 372.8 min for plasma; 24.5 min for liver microsomes). In summary, this study showed that the discovered N-quinazolinone-4-hydroxy-2-quinolone-3-carboxamides are novel GyrB-targeted antibacterial agents; compound f1 is promising for further development.
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