Journal
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 919, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116511
Keywords
Electrochemiluminescence; Immunoassay; Ruthenium complex; Label; Signal-to-noise; Tri; n -propylamine
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This work demonstrates the use of a heteroleptic and electronically neutral ruthenium(II) complex as a label in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay to control electrochemically generated noise, resulting in an improved signal-to-noise ratio and signal-concentration curve, and achieving a lower limit of detection.
Enhancing signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved either by raising signal level or by reducing noise, or by both. Rather than a commonly held perception that a brighter luminophore is simply used to enhance signal level, this work shows how a heteroleptic and electronically neutral ruthenium(II) complex, Ru(2,20-bipyridine) (bathophenanthroline disulfonate)[4-(2,20-bipyridin-4-yl)butanoic acid], was used as a label in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay for controlling electrochemically generated noise. The stronger emission combined with its lower sensitivity to the electrode potential enables the brighter luminophore to be used at a lower potential that brings noise down, while maintaining the signal at the same level as that of conventional [Ru(bpy)3]2+ luminophore. The beneficial ECL characteristics demonstrated in homogeneous solution translated into elevated signal-to-noise ratio and improved signal-concentration curve in immunoassay. A first example of using a brighter luminophore in ECL immunoassay from an unusual angle, this work presents an approach to achieving a lower limit of detection through properly balancing the signal level and signal-to-noise ratio.
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