The influence of methodology on the comparison of cytotoxicity of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems

Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the in vitro cytocompatibility of two etch-and-rinse (Adper Scothbond, Optibond) and two self-etch (Clearfill SE Bond and Single Bond Universal) dental adhesives through a dentin-barrier model with human pulp fibroblasts.Methods: Human fibroblasts were placed on a plastic device containing 500 mu m human dentin discs treated with each adhesive or without treatment (control). Other groups were directly exposed to media conditioned with adhesive samples according to ISO 10993-5:2009. After 24h exposure, cell viability was assessed by XTT, and released inflammatory mediators were detected with a multiparametric immunoassay.Results: The standardized test without barrier indicated both etch-and-rinse adhesives and self-etch as cytotoxic, promoting viabilities under 70% of the control group (p<0.05). The dentin-barrier model identified increased cell viability for self-etch adhesives, with Clearfill SE Bond identified as non-cytotoxic. The immunoassay evi-denced high rates of cytokines by cells exposed to the conditioned media of Adper Scotchbond, Optibond S, and Single Bond Universal. Conclusions: The use of a dentin-barrier in vitro model detected a better biocompatibility for self-etching adhe-sives and, in the case of Clearfill SE Bond, with a reversion from cytotoxic to biocompatible when compared to the indirect standardized test.Clinical significance: The use of a dentin-barrier in vitro model was able to detect a better biocompatibility for self-etching adhesives when compared to the indirect standardized test and presents itself as a predictive in vitro method for assessing the cytotoxicity of dental restorative materials that may simulate the clinical condition more accurately.

Automated summary

This study compared the cytocompatibility of two etch-and-rinse and two self-etch dental adhesives and found that the self-etch adhesives exhibited better biocompatibility.