4.7 Article

Pesticide Research and Development: General Discussion and Spinosad Case

Journal

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03821

Keywords

pesticide research; pesticide discovery; spinosad; spinosyn; dereplication

Funding

  1. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [HAW05020H, HAW05044R]

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Discovering and developing a pesticide is a time-consuming and expensive process, with only a few companies able to afford it. Pesticide R&D is a high-risk, high-reward business.
On average, it has taken approximately 10 years and $250 million to discover and develop one pesticide out of approximately 100 000 compounds. A successful pesticide researcher nowadays needs to be knowledgeable and skillful in multiple disciplines. As a result of the high costs and unique requirements, only a handful of companies in the world can afford to continue pesticide research and development (R/D) in the $70 billion pesticide market. Pesticide R/D is a high-risk yet high-reward business. In this perspective, pesticide R/D is briefly discussed and a case study is used to illustrate how spinosad was discovered and became a successful product, despite the many challenges facing pesticide R/D.

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