Additive manufacturing: A framework for supply chain configuration

Using Resource Dependence Theory (RDT), this paper explores the changing state of Supply Chain (SC) com-plexities and dependencies resulting from Additive Manufacturing (AM) adoption, analysing implications for competitiveness. We utilised an adapted SC configuration framework to develop embedded case studies across the Aerospace, Automotive and Power Generation industries. The sample included fifteen companies deploying metal AM across three SC tiers. Using an abductive logic, our findings reveal that the complexity and dependency-reduction potential of AM depends on economic, industry, geographical, organisational and tech-nological factors. We developed a conceptual framework for AM SC configuration and four propositions, which provide further insights into the interplay between SC complexities, dependencies and competitiveness. By utilising RDT, we contribute to the AM SC configuration literature by highlighting the mediating role that de-pendencies play in achieving competitiveness, as well as strategies adopted by firms to mitigate uncertainty. We also highlight the interplay between 'relationship and governance' and three other SC configuration dimensions in relation to competitiveness. Insights into the changing state of complexities and dependencies identified in this study could also support managerial decisions in AM SC design.

Automated summary

This paper uses Resource Dependence Theory to explore the impact of Additive Manufacturing on Supply Chain complexities and dependencies, and its significance for competitiveness. Through embedded case studies, the study finds that economic, industry, geographical, organisational, and technological factors have an impact on the complexity and dependency-reduction potential of Additive Manufacturing. The study proposes a conceptual framework and four propositions to further understand the interplay between Supply Chain complexities, dependencies, and competitiveness.