Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 23, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137303
Keywords
microcirculation; gap junction; hemichannels
Funding
- American Heart Association (AHA) Career Development Award [932684]
- [NIH-R01 HL 146539]
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Microcirculation homeostasis depends on channels permeable to ions and small molecules, and the Connexin and Pannexin large-pore channel proteins play a vital role in regulating vascular tone and intercellular communication.
Microcirculation homeostasis depends on several channels permeable to ions and/or small molecules that facilitate the regulation of the vasomotor tone, hyperpermeability, the blood-brain barrier, and the neurovascular coupling function. Connexin (Cxs) and Pannexin (Panxs) large-pore channel proteins are implicated in several aspects of vascular physiology. The permeation of ions (i.e., Ca2+) and key metabolites (ATP, prostaglandins, D-serine, etc.) through Cxs (i.e., gap junction channels or hemichannels) and Panxs proteins plays a vital role in intercellular communication and maintaining vascular homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation or genetic pathologies associated with these channels promote deleterious tissue consequences. This review provides an overview of current knowledge concerning the physiological role of these large-pore molecule channels in microcirculation (arterioles, capillaries, venules) and in the neurovascular coupling function.
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