Burn-Induced Acute Kidney Injury-Two-Lane Road: From Molecular to Clinical Aspects

Severe burn injuries lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) development, increasing the mortality risk up to 28-100%. In addition, there is an increase in hospitalization days and complications appearance. Various factors are responsible for acute or late AKI debut, like hypovolemia, important inflammatory response, excessive load of denatured proteins, sepsis, and severe organic dysfunction. The main measure to improve the prognosis of these patients is rapidly recognizing this condition and reversing the underlying events. For this reason, different renal biomarkers have been studied over the years for early identification of burn-induced AKI, like neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7). The fundamental purpose of these studies is to find a way to recognize and prevent acute renal injury progression early in order to decrease the risk of mortality and chronic kidney disease (CKD) onset.

Automated summary

Severe burn injuries increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), leading to higher mortality rates, longer hospital stays, and more complications. Identifying and preventing AKI early is crucial for improving patient prognosis and reducing the risk of chronic kidney disease onset.