Journal
IMMUNITY
Volume 55, Issue 9, Pages 1725-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.07.018
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Funding
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [91818627, 09150182010027]
- ERC Consolidator Award [818353]
- NWO ZonMw [10150062010002, 10430072110003]
- Public Health Service of Amsterdam Research Development [21-14]
- NWO [10430022010023, 10430022010030]
- European Research Council (ERC) [818353] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Large-scale vaccination campaigns have been effective in preventing hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19, but the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that can evade immunity poses challenges to vaccine effectiveness. This study found that certain variants, particularly Omicron BA.1 and BA.2, were highly resistant to neutralization by antibodies produced in response to other variants. This suggests that vaccine updates may be necessary to ensure continued protection against evolving strains.
Large-scale vaccination campaigns have prevented countless hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that escape from immunity challenges the effectiveness of current vaccines. Given this continuing evolution, an important question is when and how to update SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to antigenically match circulating variants, similarly to seasonal influenza viruses where anti-genic drift necessitates periodic vaccine updates. Here, we studied SARS-CoV-2 antigenic drift by assessing neutralizing activity against variants of concern (VOCs) in a set of sera from patients infected with viral sequence-confirmed VOCs. Infections with D614G or Alpha strains induced the broadest immunity, whereas individuals infected with other VOCs had more strain-specific responses. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were sub-stantially resistant to neutralization by sera elicited by all other variants. Antigenic cartography revealed that Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were antigenically most distinct from D614G, associated with immune escape, and possibly will require vaccine updates to ensure vaccine effectiveness.
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