4.7 Article

Contactless Monitoring of Heart Rate Variability During Respiratory Maneuvers

Journal

IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
Volume 22, Issue 14, Pages 14563-14573

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3174779

Keywords

Heart rate variability; Biomedical monitoring; Task analysis; Sensors; Monitoring; Webcams; Electrocardiography; Heart rate variability; breathing rate; remote; smartphone; autonomic nervous system; optic sensors

Ask authors/readers for more resources

This study demonstrates the reliability of pulse rate variability (PRV) as a marker for cardiovascular health during different controlled breathing rates. The results show agreement between PRV and heart rate variability (HRV) measurements obtained from ECG devices, as well as consistent spectral analysis results. The findings support the use of PRV as a noninvasive method for monitoring autonomic nervous system balance.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive marker for the cardiovascular system and the substantial influence of this system on the autonomous nervous system (ANS). Contact and remote photoplethysmography (PPG) proved to be a reliable means of pulse rate variability (PRV) measurement as in wearable devices or imaging PPG using video cameras with evolved technical specifications. However, PRV effectiveness remains unclear during controlled breathing rate. Specifically, respiratory rate, among other physiological factors, applies profound effects on ANS balance. In this study, we demonstrated that PRV can be a reliable marker, as HRV, during various controlled breathing rates. We evaluated the proposed PRV monitoring study against reference HRV obtained from an ECG measurement device. PRV was measured from video streams captured using a smartphone and a webcam for the upper abdominal section of healthy volunteers while in standing position and performing six different respiratory maneuvers. We evaluated frequency and nonlinear HRV indices. Agreement between all indices was tested for camera-based devices and ground truth for all performed tasks. The agreement presented a consistent mean close to 95% limit of agreement (LoA). Also, we employed spectral analysis and measured the spectral divergences, normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE), and correlation. Kullback-Leibler Divergence median and percentiles results indicate congruent spectrums, where the maximum median was 0.18. A significant spectral correlation with minimum value of 0.98, and relatively low spectrum NRMSE of 0.24 were observed. Moreover, the results led to HRV physiological related phenomena which agreed with physiologically interpretations found in the literature.

Authors

I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.

Reviews

Primary Rating

4.7
Not enough ratings

Secondary Ratings

Novelty
-
Significance
-
Scientific rigor
-
Rate this paper

Recommended

No Data Available
No Data Available