An experimental study on biodiesel production and impact of EGR in a CRDI diesel engine propelled with leather industry waste fat biodiesel

The purpose of the predominant endeavor is the way of through an experiment aspect for the reticular effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion, performance, emissions besides energy characteristic of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with leather industry waste fat biodiesel and diesel blends. Biodiesel was converted by the transesterification process from the raw fat oil extracted with leather waste fat feedstock. This work takes advantage of blends of both like B10, B20, B30 along with engines that were run with various EGR rates (5%, 10%, and 15%) to evaluate engine outcome parameters. The maximum in-cylinder pressure was examined with the blend B20 with EGR 5% rate about 6.65% higher than pure diesel fuel. The high heat release rate (HRR) was ascertained with the blend B30 with EGR 10% rate about 23.81% higher than neat diesel fuel. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for the blend B10 with EGR 5% rate is higher than other test conditions but 4.2% let down associated with simple diesel fuel. The nitrogen oxides (NOx) were lesser than the clean diesel fuel at all test fuels, the highest NOx emission reduction was achieved in blend B30 with EGR 15% rate of about 87.59% than neat diesel fuel operation. The smoke opacity increased by raising the EGR level, the combination B30 with EGR 5% rate displayed low smoke opacity about 64.5% lower than neat diesel fuel. The hydrocarbon (HC) emission was lower than neat diesel at a low EGR rate, the blend B10 with EGR 5% rate displayed the lowest HC emission about 85.71% decreased then neat diesel operation. The carbon monoxide (CO) emission displayed lower than neat diesel at low EGR rate, the blend B10 with EGR 5% rate displayed the lowest CO emission about 50% than neat diesel. As of energy analysis, it was noted that the heat equivalent to brake power and heat lost to engine cooling water is higher in diesel fuel than biodiesel blends and the heat lost to exhaust gases and heat unaccounted loss were lower in diesel than biodiesel blend. Finally, the TOPSIS optimization study was carried out for finding the optimum input conditions which could result in improved combustion, performance, and reduced emissions. The B30% blend with EGR 15% at full load achieved 1st rank with 0.849 relative closeness value. So, this operating condition was projected as the best prospect for the application of a CRDI diesel engine.

Automated summary

This study investigates the reticular effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the combustion, performance, emissions, and energy characteristic of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engines fueled with leather industry waste fat biodiesel and diesel blends. The results show that the blend fuels can improve the maximum in-cylinder pressure, high heat release rate (HRR), and brake thermal efficiency (BTE), while reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke opacity. The blend B30 with EGR 15% at full load is identified as the best operating condition for improved combustion, performance, and reduced emissions.