Journal
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
Volume 165, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113086
Keywords
Fipronil; Fipronil sulfone; Chicken; In vitro; Physiologically based kinetic model
Categories
Funding
- Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality [WOT-02-001-021]
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In this study, the metabolism and elimination of fipronil in eggs were investigated using in vitro experiments and a physiologically based kinetic model. The model predictions showed good agreement with available in vivo data, indicating the potential use of the in vitro model in early phase of contamination incidents to predict the time-concentration curves.
In 2017 a large-scale fipronil contamination in eggs occurred in several European countries. Fipronil and its metabolites have the potential to be transferred into the eggs of laying hens, thereby entering the human food chain. Here, first the metabolism of fipronil was measured in vitro using chicken liver S9. The results show that fipronil is mainly metabolised into fipronil sulfone and the clearance obtained in vitro was extrapolated to in vivo liver clearance. In a second step a physiologically based kinetic model was developed with a focus on fipronil and its major sulfone metabolite and the model outcome was compared to available in vivo data in eggs from the literature. The experimentally obtained clearance was used as model input to evaluate whether such an in vitrobased model can be used in an early phase of a contamination incident to predict the time-concentration curves. Overall, all model predictions were within a 10-fold difference and the estimated elimination half-life for fipronil equivalents was 14 days. In vitro experiments are definitely recommended compared to in vivo studies, since they provide a fast first insight into the behaviour of a chemical in an organism.
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