Environmental and anthropogenic impact on conservation and sustainability of marine fish diversity

Marine fish biodiversity and conservation linked to human livelihoods along the coast were studied in 2019 using a survey and personal interviews to investigate the effects of environmental and anthropogenic issues on changes in marine fish diversity that affect sustainability. The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) authenticated 42 finfish, 6 crabs, and 1 shrimp from three groups collected along the coastal zone. The estimated fish species diversity index revealed that alpha and beta biodiversity were more prevalent in the study zone than gamma fish diversity. When the collected fish species were compared to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) threatened lists, 51% were found to be least concerned. The variation in the livelihood status, age group, religious, education, houses, training, graft, and gear of fishermen was 93.6% and 4.3%, respectively, according to the principle component analysis. The observation of 51% of the least concerned species in the study zone suggests species declination as a result of overexploitation of natural resources. The study suggests that strict conservation measures be put in place to ensure the sustainability and conservation of fish diversity.

Automated summary

This study investigated marine fish biodiversity and conservation in 2019, focusing on the impact of environmental and human factors on changes in fish diversity and sustainability along the coast. The research found that alpha and beta biodiversity were more prevalent in the study zone, and 51% of the collected fish species were classified as least concerned according to the IUCN threatened lists. Moreover, there was evidence of species declination as a result of overexploitation, highlighting the need for strict conservation measures to ensure sustainability.