Effect of dynamic and operational restrictions in the energy management strategy on fuel cell range extender electric vehicle performance and durability in driving conditions

Article Chemistry, Physical

Modeling and thermal management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell for fuel cell/battery hybrid automotive vehicle

Lu Xing et al.

Summary: This paper presents a new hybrid vehicle model that simulates the characteristics of a PEMFC stack under actual driving conditions and proposes PID control to stabilize the stack temperature.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Voltage degradation of high-temperature PEM fuel cells operating at 200 °C under constant load and start-stop conditions

J. O. Leader et al.

Summary: High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEM) have advantages such as improved fuel impurity tolerance and increased electrode kinetics. This study investigated the voltage degradation of HT-PEM fuel cells operating at 200 degrees C under continuous load conditions and during start-stop cycling. The results showed relatively high degradation rates, but with decreasing average degradation rates over cycles.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

A modeling framework for predicting the effect of the operating conditions and component sizing on fuel cell degradation and performance for automotive applications

J. M. Desantes et al.

Summary: This study integrates durability and performance prediction in the sizing process of the FC stack of a fuel cell range-extender (FCREx) vehicle along with the design of a dynamics-limited control strategy. A novel degradation modeling framework is proposed to predict FC stack degradation rate. Results show that increasing FC stack power decreases H-2 consumption but increases durability, while increasing dynamic limitations on the control strategy increases both H-2 consumption and durability.

APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Predictive-ECMS based degradation protective control strategy for a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle considering uphill condition

Xinyou Lin et al.

Summary: This study develops a hierarchical power management strategy that integrates terrain information for fuel cell hybrid electrical vehicles (FCHEV). The strategy improves fuel economy and mitigates powertrain durability erosion.

ETRANSPORTATION (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Impact of fuel cell range extender powertrain design on greenhouse gases and NOX emissions in automotive applications

J. M. Desantes et al.

Summary: Fuel cell technologies are promising for decarbonizing the transport sector, with the fuel cell range extender powertrain architecture showing potential for efficient operation and low total cost of ownership in passenger car applications. This study combines life cycle assessment and sizing methodologies to fill knowledge gaps on the emissions of fuel cell vehicles and finds that utilizing steam methane reforming with carbon capture and storage as the hydrogen production pathway can significantly reduce greenhouse gases and NOX emissions. Optimum designs for emissions were found to have low-moderate battery capacity and moderate-high fuel stack power, contrasting with high battery capacity and fuel stack power for performance optimization.

APPLIED ENERGY (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

Performance analysis of a degraded PEM fuel cell stack for hydrogen passenger vehicles based on machine learning algorithms in real driving conditions

Mehrdad Raeesi et al.

Summary: The study uses prediction techniques such as machine learning to address the issue of fuel cell degradation in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. By analyzing experimental data and utilizing deep neural network algorithms, the research predicts the impact of fuel cell degradation on fuel consumption and total emissions, conducting a life cycle assessment to evaluate the potential effects.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2021)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Optimization and sizing of a fuel cell range extender vehicle for passenger car applications in driving cycle conditions

S. Molina et al.

Summary: This study aims to explore ways to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions by varying the design elements of fuel cell vehicles. The results show that increasing battery capacity and FC maximum power can decrease energy consumption and improve system efficiency, leading to extended vehicle range.

APPLIED ENERGY (2021)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Degradation adaptive energy management strategy using fuel cell state-of-health for fuel economy improvement of hybrid electric vehicle

Ke Song et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a degradation-adaptive energy management strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles. The strategy adjusts power distribution adaptively based on the state-of-health of the fuel cell, improving energy efficiency over its entire lifetime. It is adaptive to different degradation rates and consumes minimal computing resources, providing optimized control by considering the decrease in efficiency due to degradation.

APPLIED ENERGY (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

A novel second-order sliding mode control of hybrid fuel cell/super capacitors power system considering the degradation of the fuel cell

Yue Zhou et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a novel control strategy for a single converter hybrid power system, aiming to smooth the current of PEMFC while considering transient power and sinusoidal disturbance from the load. A robust nonlinear cascaded voltage control loop is developed, using different controllers for inner and outer voltage loops. Comparative Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) tests confirm the effectiveness of this nonlinear control strategy.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A novel approach based on semi-empirical model for degradation prediction of fuel cells

Mingyang Ou et al.

Summary: This work proposes a semi-empirical model-based prognostics method for PEMFCs, achieving accurate degradation trend prediction by introducing degradation models of electrochemical surface area and equivalent resistance, and validating its accuracy through experiments.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2021)

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Article Energy & Fuels