4.5 Review

Covid-19 and alcohol associated liver disease

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hospitalizations for Alcoholic Hepatitis or Cirrhosis in Alberta, Canada

Abdel Aziz Shaheen et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on hospitalizations of patients with alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis as well as alcoholic hepatitis (AH) in Alberta, Canada. The study found that monthly admission rates for alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis remained stable before and during COVID-19, but there was a significant increase in admissions for alcoholic hepatitis.

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The Pandemic Within the Pandemic Unprecedented Rise in Alcohol-related Hepatitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Aalam Sohal et al.

Summary: The study revealed a significant increase in severe alcohol-related hepatitis cases requiring inpatient management during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in patients under 40 years old and in women. These findings have important implications for the strained healthcare system and call for urgent public health interventions to address the rising misuse of alcohol and its consequences.

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Alcohol-related hepatitis admissions increased 50% in the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA

Humberto C. Gonzalez et al.

Summary: Early reports suggest that alcohol misuse increased in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a significant rise in admissions for alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD). Despite disparities in COVID-related stressors in the Detroit metropolitan area, the demographic profile of ARLD patients remained unchanged compared with previous years.

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Racial and Health Disparities among Cirrhosis-related Hospitalizations in the USA

Ashwani K. Singal et al.

Summary: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), including alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), is the most common etiology among cirrhosis-related hospitalizations in the USA among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals. In-hospital mortality rate was around 6% for AI/AN individuals, higher compared to Blacks but similar to other races. Public health policies should be implemented to reduce the burden of advanced ALD among AI/AN individuals.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY (2022)

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Women's Substance Use and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Amanda Devoto et al.

Summary: The study found that women are facing greater mental health distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some experiencing worsened intimate partner violence and using drugs or alcohol as coping mechanisms.

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Alcohol-Related Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Adverse Effects of Anti-Covid-19 Drug Candidates and Alcohol on Cellular Stress Responses of Hepatocytes

Atousa Khalatbari et al.

Summary: This study found that anti-COVID-19 drugs, especially when used in combination with other drugs or alcohol, cause cellular stress responses and injuries in liver cells.

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Alcohol-associated Cirrhosis and Alcoholic Hepatitis Hospitalization Trends in the United States

Farah Shirazi et al.

Summary: This study revealed increasing hospitalizations for alcohol-associated cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis in the United States, with higher rates observed in men and among Native American and Hispanic ethnic minorities. Significant ethnicity-specific disparities in mortality were also observed.

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Association of the COVID-19 lockdown with smoking, drinking and attempts to quit in England: an analysis of 2019-20 data

Sarah E. Jackson et al.

Summary: Following the March 2020 COVID-19 lockdown, smokers and high-risk drinkers in England were more likely than before lockdown to report trying to quit smoking or reduce alcohol consumption. Rates of smoking cessation and use of remote cessation support were higher post-lockdown, while high-risk drinking prevalence increased and use of evidence-based support for alcohol reduction decreased without a compensatory increase in remote support.

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The Association Between Alcoholic Liver Disease and Alcohol Tax

Sadaf Aslam et al.

Summary: The research revealed a connection between lower beer tax and higher ALD prevalence across all age groups, particularly with a higher percentage of ALD patients among middle-aged (35-54 years) Medicaid patients. These findings raise the need for further investigation into a potential public health concern regarding the association between ALD and beer tax.

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Provider Attitudes and Practices for Alcohol Screening, Treatment, and Education in Patients With Liver Disease: A Survey From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Special Interest Group

Gene Y. Im et al.

Summary: The survey of hepatology and gastroenterology providers showed high rates of alcohol screening and referrals for behavioral therapy, but low rates of prescribing AUD pharmacotherapy due to knowledge gaps from insufficient education. Further studies are needed to improve provider alignment with best practices for treating patients with AUD and ALD.

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Predictors of Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease: US Multi-center Study

Donghee Kim et al.

Summary: The study identified that alcohol-related liver disease, decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are risk factors predicting higher mortality in patients with chronic liver disease and COVID-19, while Hispanic ethnicity and decompensated cirrhosis are associated with severe COVID-19.

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Douglas L. Polcin et al.

Summary: Understanding the impact of COVID-19 mitigation in group living environments, such as residential recovery homes, is critical to limiting virus spread. Factors influencing mitigation efforts in recovery homes include varying levels of licensing standards and the challenges posed by the social model approach to recovery. Provider-researcher coalitions are encouraged to address questions regarding how social model recovery can adapt during the COVID-19 era.

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Alcohol Consumption in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Carolina Barbosa et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in alcohol consumption after the enactment of stay-at-home orders, with more people exceeding recommended drinking limits and binge drinking. These changes in drinking patterns were found across all sociodemographic subgroups assessed.

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Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with chronic liver disease: An international registry study

Thomas Marjot et al.

Summary: This international registry study demonstrates that patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of death from COVID-19. Mortality from COVID-19 was particularly high among patients with more advanced cirrhosis and those with alcohol-related liver disease.

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

COVID-19 risk and outcomes in patients with substance use disorders: analyses from electronic health records in the United States

Quan Qiu Wang et al.

Summary: This study identified individuals with SUD, especially those with OUD and African Americans, as having an increased risk for COVID-19 and worse outcomes. Screening and treating individuals with SUD is crucial in controlling the pandemic and ensuring healthcare support without disparities.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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The Neural Processes Interlinking Social Isolation, Social Support, and Problem Alcohol Use

Thang M. Le et al.

Summary: The study indicates that feelings of social isolation may contribute to alcohol misuse, while social support may act as a protective factor against excessive alcohol consumption. Changes in neural connectivity could be a key factor underlying problem drinking induced by social isolation.

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

The Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplant Is Associated With Outcomes Before and After Liver Transplantation

Sasha Deutsch-Link et al.

Summary: The SIPAT score and its subdomains are associated with liver transplant candidate's waitlisting decisions, immunosuppression nonadherence, and allograft rejection. Utilizing SIPAT in the evaluation of LT candidates provides valuable information for identifying high-risk recipients and guiding further interventions before and after transplantation.

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Network Meta-Analysis on the Mechanisms Underlying Alcohol Augmentation of COVID-19 Pathologies

Wenfei Huang et al.

Summary: The study found that ethanol exposure may enhance inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 by altering the activity of key inflammatory mediators. The research suggests the importance of clinicians cautioning patients about the risk of alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic, and calls for further exploration into how alcohol exposure affects viral infections.

ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Retail Alcohol and Tobacco Sales During COVID-19

Brian P. Lee et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Alcohol Withdrawal Rates in Hospitalized Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ram A. Sharma et al.

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The impact of COVID-19 on people who inject drugs in New York City: increased risk and decreased access to services

Yesenia Aponte-Melendez et al.

Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, PWID in New York City reported higher levels of mental health issues, syringe reuse, alcohol consumption, and significant reductions in syringe-service programs and buprenorphine utilization. Additionally, there were differences between study groups, with the AC group reporting lower levels of substance use and injection risk behaviors during the pandemic.

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

COVID-19 in liver transplant candidates: pretransplant and post-transplant outcomes - an ELITA/ELTR multicentre cohort study

Luca Saverio Belli et al.

Summary: COVID-19 significantly impacts the mortality rate of liver transplant candidates, especially for those with high Lab-MELD scores and respiratory symptoms. Poor prognosis was observed in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, highlighting the need for strict preventive measures and urgent vaccination efficacy testing in this population. Prior symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection did not affect early post-transplant survival.
Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Liver Transplantation and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease in the USA

George Cholankeril et al.

Summary: Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, ALD has become the most common indication for listing and the fastest increasing cause for LT. Collective efforts are urgently needed to stem the rising tide of ALD on health care resources.

HEPATOLOGY (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease A Review

Ashwani K. Singal et al.

Summary: Alcohol-associated liver disease is a major cause of cirrhosis, with significant risk factors including amount and duration of alcohol consumption, gender, obesity, and specific genetic polymorphisms. Abstinence can greatly improve survival rates for patients with alcohol-associated liver disease.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis in Japan

Hisashi Itoshima et al.

Summary: This study found an increase in hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis during the COVID-19 epidemic in Japan, with higher rates for females. This suggests that alcohol consumption during the pandemic may have negative health impacts.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

Article Surgery

Evaluation of Early vs Standard Liver Transplant for Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

Kayleigh M. Herrick-Reynolds et al.

Summary: The study found that early liver transplant for patients with alcohol-associated liver disease with less than 6 months of alcohol abstinence did not result in significant differences in 1-year patient survival, allograft survival, or relapse-free survival compared to standard liver transplant for patients with more than 6 months of abstinence. This suggests that adherence to the 6-month abstinence rule may not have a direct impact on posttransplant survival outcomes for these patients.

JAMA SURGERY (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Comparison of Methods for Alcohol and Drug Screening in Primary Care Clinics

Jennifer McNeely et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the implementation of EHR-integrated screening for substance use by comparing commonly used screening methods. It found that unhealthy alcohol use was detected more frequently with self-administered screening at any primary care visit, while the detection of drug use was low across all clinics.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Trends in Liver Transplantation for Acute Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US

Therese Bittermann et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in a Cirrhotic Patient With Recent COVID-19 Infection

Adalberto Gonzalez et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decline in liver transplantations worldwide due to safety concerns and healthcare resource utilization. Limited data exist regarding the safety, timing, and immunosuppression regimens for liver transplantations in patients recovered from COVID-19. However, based on the experience of one reported case, it may be considered safe to perform liver transplantations in patients who have recovered from COVID-19.

ACG CASE REPORTS JOURNAL (2021)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Associations Between Alcohol Use and Liver-Related Outcomes in a Large National Cohort of Patients With Cirrhosis

Meredith M. Pearson et al.

Summary: Unhealthy alcohol use in patients with cirrhosis is associated with higher risks of mortality and decompensation, highlighting the importance of healthcare providers helping patients achieve abstinence. Further investigation is needed to explore the lack of association between alcohol use and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis patients.

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Zillah Cargill et al.

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Impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant recipients-A systematic review and meta-analysis

Anand Kulkarni et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the outcomes of liver transplant recipients with COVID-19 infection and found that there was no significant difference in mortality rates between liver transplant and non-liver transplant patients. The risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection in LT recipients was approximately 23%.

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Rising Mortality From Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease in the United States in the 21st Century

Andrew M. Moon et al.

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Nadim Mahmud et al.

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Michael R. Lucey et al.

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