4.4 Article

Watermass characteristics and circulation near 110°E in the southeast Indian Ocean

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105149

Keywords

Watermasses; Currents; Sea surface height; Mesoscale eddies; T-S properties; Overturning circulation; Physical oceanography; Nutrients

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Funding

  1. Australian Government's National Environmental Science Program Earth Systems Climate Change and Climate Systems Hubs
  2. Australian Government as part of the Antarctic Science Collaboration Initiative
  3. Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science [SR200100008]
  4. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes
  5. Australian Research Council [SR200100008] Funding Source: Australian Research Council

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This article presents a description of the large-scale physical oceanography of the southeast Indian Ocean, providing context for the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition. It introduces watermass properties and circulation based on hydrographic observations, as well as underway systems and satellite measurements. The 110 degrees E line offers insight into the global meridional overturning circulation and the shallow overturning in the Indian Ocean. The full depth hydrographic transects of 1963 and 2019 will provide valuable calibration points for studying climate variability using the diverse observations from the Indian and global ocean observing systems.
We present a description of the large-scale physical oceanography of the southeast Indian Ocean to provide context for this special issue, revisiting 110 degrees E as part of the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition. Full watermass properties and circulation are introduced based on the hydrographic observations, as well as underway systems and satellite sea surface height measurements. The 110 degrees E line provides a window into the global meridional overturning circulation and the shallow overturning of the Indian Ocean. Measurements of change along this line provide valuable insight into the pulse of the climate system. The full depth hydrographic transects of 1963 and 2019 will provide invaluable calibration points for investigation of climate variability using the diverse observations that contribute to the Indian and global ocean observing systems.

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