4.5 Review

Human pluripotent stem cells for the modelling of retinal pigment epithelium homeostasis and disease: A review

Journal

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
Volume 50, Issue 6, Pages 667-677

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14128

Keywords

human pluripotent stem cells; retinal disease; disease modelling; retinal pigment epithelium

Categories

Funding

  1. Victorian Government
  2. Dementia Australia Research Foundation [039305]
  3. Medical Research Future Fund - Stem Cell Therapies Mission [MRF1200678]
  4. DHB Foundation
  5. NHMRC Synergy [1181010]
  6. National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Senior Research Fellowship [1154389]
  7. Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies [IC170100016]

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Human pluripotent stem cells are powerful tools for studying and modeling retinal diseases, including both monogenic and complex conditions.
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which include induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, are powerful tools for studying human development, physiology and disease, including those affecting the retina. Cells from selected individuals, or specific genetic backgrounds, can be differentiated into distinct cell types allowing the modelling of diseases in a dish for therapeutic development. hPSC-derived retinal cultures have already been used to successfully model retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration for various retinal diseases including monogenic conditions and complex disease such as age-related macular degeneration. Here, we will review the current knowledge gained in understanding the molecular events involved in retinal disease using hPSC-derived retinal models, in particular RPE models. We will provide examples of various conditions to illustrate the scope of applications associated with the use of hPSC-derived RPE models.

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