4.6 Article

Revisiting the physical mechanisms of East Asian summer monsoon precipitation changes during the mid-Holocene: a data-model comparison

Journal

CLIMATE DYNAMICS
Volume 60, Issue 3-4, Pages 1009-1022

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00382-022-06359-1

Keywords

Mid-Holocene; Monsoon precipitation; Data-model comparison; Water vapor budget; Thermodynamic effect; Dynamic effect; Cloud cooling effect

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This study investigates the changes in East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the mid-Holocene using data-model comparison and dynamic analysis. The results show that the dynamic effect, rather than the thermodynamic effect, is the dominant control in the increased monsoon precipitation, with the enhancement of horizontal moisture transport being the main factor.
The mid-Holocene (MH; 6 ka) is one of the benchmark periods for the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) and provides a unique opportunity to study monsoon dynamics and orbital forcing (i.e., mostly precession) that differ significantly from the present day. We conducted a data-model comparison along with a dynamic analysis to investigate monsoonal (i.e., East Asian summer monsoon; EASM) precipitation changes over East Asia during the MH. We used the three phases of the PMIP simulations for the MH, and quantitatively compare model results with pollen-based climate records. The data-model comparison shows an overall increase in the summer monsoon precipitation, except a local decrease during the MH. Decomposition of the moisture budget into thermodynamic and dynamic components allows us to assess their relative role in controlling EASM precipitation during the MH, and to investigate the precipitation changes obtained from pollen records in terms of physical processes. We show that the dynamic effect, rather than the thermodynamic effect, is the dominant control in increased EASM precipitation during the MH in both the proxy records and models. The dynamic increase in precipitation results mainly from the enhancement of horizontal monsoonal moisture transport that is caused by intensified stationary eddy horizontal circulation over East Asia. In addition, a cloud-related cooling effect reduced the thermodynamic contribution to the increase in EASM precipitation during the MH.

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