Journal
CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
Volume 39, Issue 9, Pages 1256-1267Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2093735
Keywords
Zebrafish; poly (I; C); daily rhythm; immune response; antioxidant response
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Funding
- Spanish MINECO/AEI - ESF Investing in your future, Project CHRONOHEALTH - Fundacion Seneca [RYC-2017-21835, 19899/GERM/15]
- Spanish MINECO/AEI - ESF Investing in your future, Project CHRONOHEALTH - BLUESOLE [RYC-2017-21835, AGL2017-82582-C3- 3-R]
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This study investigated the day/night differences in the immune response of zebrafish to the immunostimulant poly (I:C). The results showed that zebrafish exhibited a stronger response to poly (I:C) during the day compared to at night. Tissue-specific differences were also observed in the response to poly (I:C) administration.
The circadian clock of vertebrates regulates many biological processes, including the immune system. This paper investigated whether responsiveness to poly (I:C), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA used as an immunostimulant, exhibits day/night differences in zebrafish. Fish were intraperitoneally (IP) injected with either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or poly (I:C) at two different time points: Zeitgeber Time (ZT) 4 (day) and ZT16 (night). Then, 6 h later, fish were euthanized, and tissue samples (skin, liver and kidney) were collected. A control group (intact fish) was also sampled at the same time points. The effect of poly (I:C) on the expression of antioxidant and immune genes was time-of-day-dependent, and the response was stronger following poly (I:C) administration in the day than at night. Time-dependent differences were observed for some genes in the PBS and control groups. However, these differences were tissue-specific. In liver, almost all the genes were affected by time of day. In kidney, poly (I:C) affected the expression of all the gene markers regardless of administration time. These findings highlight the importance of considering the time to administer poly (I:C) when evaluating the fish immune response.
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