Efficient Two-Dimensional Defect-Free Dual-Species Atom Arrays Rearrangement Algorithm with Near-Fewest Atom Moves

Dual-species single-atom array in optical tweezers has several advantages over the single-species atom array as a platform for quantum computing and quantum simulation. Thus, creating the defect-free dual-species single-atom array with atom numbers over hundreds is essential. As recent experiments demonstrated, one of the main difficulties lies in designing an efficient algorithm to rearrange the stochastically loaded dual-species atoms arrays into arbitrary demanded configurations. We propose a heuristic connectivity optimization algorithm to provide the near-fewest number of atom moves. Our algorithm introduces the concept of using articulation points in an undirected graph to optimize connectivity as a critical consideration for arranging the atom moving paths. Tested in array size of hundreds atoms and various configurations, our algorithm shows a high success rate (>97%), low extra atom moves ratio, good scalability, and flexibility. Furthermore, we propose a complementary step to solve the problem of atom loss during the rearrangement.

Automated summary

Dual-species single-atom array in optical tweezers is a preferable choice for quantum computing and quantum simulation. However, creating a defect-free array with a large number of atoms is challenging. We propose a heuristic connectivity optimization algorithm that rearranges the stochastically loaded dual-species atoms into desired configurations with the near-fewest number of atom moves. Tested in various array sizes and configurations, our algorithm demonstrates high success rate, low extra atom moves, scalability, and flexibility.