Journal
CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 39, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/0256-307X/39/8/080301
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Funding
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [Z180013]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [12074427, 12074428]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0306501]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [BX20200379, 2021M693478]
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This article explores the experimental testing of quantum contextuality in the minimal quantum system of only two states, and observes a violation of the assumption of non-contextuality.
Exploring quantum phenomena beyond predictions of any classical model has fundamental importance to understand the boundary of classical and quantum descriptions of nature. As a typical property that a quantum system behaves distinctively from a classical counterpart, contextuality has been studied extensively and verified experimentally in systems composed of at least three levels (qutrit). Here we extend the scope of experimental test of contextuality to a minimal quantum system of only two states (qubit) by implementing the minimum error state discrimination on a single Yb-171(+) ion. We observe a substantial violation of a no-go inequality derived by assuming non-contextuality, and firmly conclude that the measured results of state discrimination cannot be reconciled with any non-contextual description. We also quantify the contextual advantage of state discrimination and the tolerance against quantum noises.
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