Journal
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
Volume 31, Issue 9, Pages 1727-1734Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0051
Keywords
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Funding
- Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort (KMCC)
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIP) [NRF-2016R1A2B4014552]
- Shanghai Men?s Health Study (SMHS)
- US NCI [UM1 CA173640, R37 CA070867, UM1 CA182910, R01CA144034, UM1CA182876]
- Shanghai Women?s Health Study
- National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund [23-A-31, 26-A-2]
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan
- Radiation Effects Research Foundation
- Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Japanese Ministry of the Environment
- National Cancer Center Research and Development of Korea
- ACC Coordinating Center
- [1910330]
- [30-A-15]
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This study found a U-shaped association between body mass index (BMI) and gastric cancer risk in East and Southeast Asian population, especially for non-cardia gastric cancer, intestinal-type gastric cancer, and late-onset gastric cancer.
Background: This study was performed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and gastric cancer in East and Southeast Asia where most of gastric cancer is non-cardia gastric cancer. Methods: On the basis of 8,997 gastric cancer cases among the Asia Cohort Consortium participants from China, Japan, Korea, and Singapore (N = 538,835), we assessed gastric cancer risk according to BMI by calculating hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: A U-shaped associations between BMI and gastric cancer risk were observed. Gastric cancer risks in underweight group (< 18.5 kg/m(2)) and in obesity group (& GE;27.5 kg/m(2)) were higher than reference BMI group (23-24.9 kg/m(2); HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25 for underweight; HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.22 for obesity, respectively). The associations of underweight and obesity with gastric cancer risk were consistent in the analyses for non-cardia gastric cancer, intestinal-type gastric cancer, and late-onset gastric cancer. No significant association of underweight and obesity with the risk of cardia gastric cancer, diffuse-type gastric cancer, and early-onset gastric cancer was observed. In addition, we found that the U-shaped association between BMI and gastric cancer risk remained in nonsmokers, while only underweight was related to increased gastric cancer risk in smokers. Conclusions: BMI has a U-shaped association with gastric cancer risk in East and Southeast Asian population, especially for the non-cardia gastric cancer, intestinal-type gastric cancer, and late-onset gastric cancer. Impact: Future studies with consideration of anatomic location and histology of gastric cancer are needed to establish the association of underweight as well as obesity with gastric cancer risk.
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