Journal
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/CJSS-2022-0030
Keywords
Canadian System of Soil Classification; soil taxonomy; pedology; organic soils; limnic; coprogenous earth; diatoma-ceous earth; marl
Categories
Funding
- Canadian Graduate Scholarship program by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Master's Scholarship program (B1X) by the Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Nature et technologies
- NSERC [IRCPJ 411630-17]
- Delfl and Inc.
- Productions maraicheres Breizh inc.
- La Production Barry inc.
- Les Fermes R.R. et fils inc.
- Le PotagerMontrealais ltee
- R. Pinsonneault et fils ltee
- Patate Isabelleinc.
- Les Fermes du Soleil Inc.
- Les Jardins A. Guerin et Filsinc.
- Le Potagers Riendeau inc.
- Vert Nature Inc.
- Fermes Hotteet Van Winden Inc.
- Production Horticole Van Winden
- Maraichers J.P.L. Guerin fils
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In the Canadian System of Soil Classification, the classification of soils in the Organic order is primarily based on the dominant organic material in the middle tier. However, there are issues with classifying soils that have predominantly limnic materials. This has implications for agricultural production and crop yields. Therefore, it is proposed to add a new great group called "Limnisol" and further integrate limnic materials into other great groups.
In the Canadian System of Soil Classification (CSSC), soils of the Organic order are classified at the great group level primarily based on the dominant organic material in the middle tier. The system recognizes four types of organic horizons: fibric (Of), mesic (Om), humic (Oh), and coprogenous earth (Oco), of which only the latter is not recognized at the great group level of the Organic order. Furthermore, at the subgroup level, Limnic subgroups cannot have terric or hydric layers. This is problematic in soils where the middle tier is dominated by limnic materials, and those which have dominantly limnic materials and have a terric layer. We describe 29 soil profiles in Ontario and Quebec, which are either poorly captured in the CSSC or that cannot be classified into the Organic order based on their diagnostic criteria. Based on an analysis of soil survey information in five provinces across Canada, we estimate 32 057 ha of organic soils which potentially contain limnic deposits. In key vegetable-producing areas of Quebec, large organic deposits in agricultural production are subject to peat subsidence and erosion, resulting in shallower depths to underlying coprogenous earth, which is not a suitable medium for crop production. This can potentially have negative effects on crops when mixed with humic materials in the plow layer. Due to these taxonomic and agronomic considerations, we propose the addition of a new great group, Limnisol, and suggest further integration of limnic materials at the subgroup level for the Humisol, Mesisol, and Fibrisol great groups.
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