Journal
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 614, Issue -, Pages 161-168Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.021
Keywords
Chromosome condensation; Macroautophagy; Microautophagy; Micronucleophagy; Ribosomal DNA (rDNA); Vacuole
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Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [18K06212, 20H05317, 21H02475, 22H04642]
- Institute for Fermentation, Osaka [G-2020-2-055]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20H05317, 21H02475] Funding Source: KAKEN
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This study investigates the impact of vacuolar/lysosomal morphology on macroautophagy and microautophagy. The researchers found that vacuolar fragmentation promotes microautophagy but not macroautophagy in budding yeast. Multiple nucleus-vacuole junctions caused by vacuolar fragmentation improved micronucleophagy. However, vacuolar morphology did not affect nucleolar remodeling or condensation of the rDNA region.
Vacuoles and lysosomes are organelles involved in the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles. Vacuolar morphology is dynamically regulated by fission and fusion in budding yeast. Vacuolar fusion is elicited in nutrient-depleted conditions and mediated by inactivation of target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) protein kinase. However, it is unknown whether and how vacuolar morphology affects macroautophagy and microautophagy, which are induced by nutrient starvation and TORC1 inactivation. Here, we developed a system to control vacuolar fission in budding yeast. Vacuolar fragmentation promoted microautophagy but not macroautophagy. Vacuolar fragmentation caused multiple nucleus-vacuole junctions. Multiple vacuoles caused by vacuolar fragmentation also improved micronucleophagy (microautophagic degradation of a portion of the nucleus). However, vacuolar morphology did not impact nucleolar remodeling, condensation of the rDNA (rRNA gene) region, or separation of ribosomal DNA from nucleolar proteins, which is evoked by TORC1 inactivation. Thus, this study provides insights into the impacts of vacuolar/lysosomal morphology on macroautophagy and microautophagy.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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