Engineering a Local Free Water Enriched Microenvironment for Surpassing Platinum Hydrogen Evolution Activity

Manipulating the catalyst-electrolyte interface to push reactants into the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP) is highly desirable for efficient electrocatalysts, however, it has rarely been implemented due to the elusive electrochemical IHP and inherent inert catalyst surface. Here, we propose the introduction of local force fields by the surface hydroxyl group to engineer the electrochemical microenvironment and enhance alkaline hydrogen evolution activity. Taking a hydroxyl group immobilized Ni/Ni3C heterostructure as a prototype, we reveal that the local hydrogen bond induced by the surface hydroxyl group drags 4-coordinated hydrogen-bonded H2O molecules across the IHP to become free H2O and thus continuously supply reactants forcatalytic sites catalytic sites. In addition, the hydroxyl group coupled with the Ni/Ni3C heterostructure further lowers the water dissociation energy by polarization effects. As a direct outcome, hydroxyl-rich catalysts surpass Pt/C activity at high current density (500 mA cm(-2) @ approximate to 276 mV) in alkaline medium.

Automated summary

In this study, we propose a method of manipulating the catalyst-electrolyte interface to enhance alkaline hydrogen evolution activity by introducing local force fields through surface hydroxyl groups. We show that the local hydrogen bond induced by the surface hydroxyl group can drag H2O molecules across the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP) to continuously supply reactants to catalytic sites. Additionally, the hydroxyl group coupled with the Ni/Ni3C heterostructure lowers the water dissociation energy by polarization effects. As a result, hydroxyl-rich catalysts exhibit higher activity than Pt/C at high current density in alkaline medium.