Journal
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 414, Issue 19, Pages 5979-5989Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04161-w
Keywords
Antibodies; Tailor-made; Smart sampler; Pretreatment; Universal anchor; Biotin
Funding
- University of Oslo (incl Oslo University Hospital)
- A4B project - Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action ITN 2017 of the European Commission [765502]
- Research Council of Norway INFRASTRUKTUR-program [295910]
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The study introduces a novel on-paper device combining sample collection with affinity sample pretreatment. The functionality of the device has been demonstrated in the laboratory setting, showing potential for detecting low abundant biomarkers.
The modification of an easily available resource like paper to circumvent expensive or intensive sample pretreatment could be the answer to sample analysis in resource-poor regions. Therefore, a novel on-paper device combining sample collection with affinity sample pretreatment is introduced here. Universal smart affinity samplers are produced by a simple KIO4-mediated oxidation of cellulose, which functionalizes the paper. This is followed by immobilization of streptavidin. Streptavidin serves as a universal anchor for biotinylated antibodies, enabling simple preparation of tailor-made affinity samplers. The functionality of the device was tested using a model protein (human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG) and biotinylated anti-hCG antibodies for affinity capture. In a laboratory setting, the performance was demonstrated, and a 14-fold increase of target binding compared to binding without bmAb was achieved. The recovery of hCG captured with bmAb-treated samplers was determined to be 33% and comparable to previously described affinity capture approaches. Application of the smart affinity samplers to human serum containing hCG showed an R-2 of 0.98 (200-1000 pg mL(-1)), precision of <= 9.1% RSD, and estimated limit of detection of 65 pg mL(-1). Although further optimization and validation are necessary prior to application to real samples in clinical settings, the potential of the device for use in determination of low abundant biomarkers in complex samples has been demonstrated.
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