Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Volume 101, Issue 9, Pages 3297-3305Publisher
ENDOCRINE SOC
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1366
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Institute on Aging (NIA)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)
- NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) [U01NR004061, U01AG012505, U01AG012535, U01AG012531, U01AG012539, U01AG012546, U01AG012553, U01AG012554, U01AG012495]
- National Center for Research Resources
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, through the University of California San Francisco-Clinical and Translational Science Institute [UL1 RR024131]
- National Institute on Aging [7R21AG040568]
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Context: Unfavorable lipid levels contribute to cardiovascular disease and may also harm bone health. Objective: Our objective was to investigate relationships between fasting plasma lipid levels and incident fracture in midlife women undergoing the menopausal transition. Design and Setting: This was a 13-year prospective, longitudinal study of multiethnic women in five US communities, with near-annual assessments. Participants: At baseline, 2062 premenopausal or early perimenopausal women who had no history of fracture were included. Exposures: Fasting plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at baseline and follow-up visits 1 and 3-7. Main Outcome Measure(s): Incident nontraumatic fractures 1) 2 or more years after baseline, in relation to a single baseline level of lipids; and 2) 2-5 years later, in relation to time-varying lipid levels. Cox proportional hazards modelings estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Among the lipids, TG levels changed the most, with median levels increased by 16% during follow-up. An increase of 50 mg/dl in baseline TG level was associated with a 1.1-fold increased hazards of fracture (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.18). Women with baseline TG higher than 300 mg/dl had an adjusted 2.5-fold greater hazards for fractures (95% CI, 1.13-5.44) than women with baseline TG lower than 150 mg/dl. Time-varying analyses showed a comparable TG level-fracture risk relationship. Associations between total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and fractures were not observed. Conclusions: Midlife women with high fasting plasma TG had an increased risk of incident nontraumatic fracture. Secondary Abstract: Midlife women with fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) of at least 300 mg/dl had 2.5-fold greater hazards of fracture in 2 years later and onward, compared to those with TG below 150 mg/dl, in a multiethnic cohort. Time-varying analyses revealed comparable results.
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