Journal
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
Volume 112, Issue -, Pages 3915-3926Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.115
Keywords
Nanofluid Flat plate solar collector; Energy; Exergy; Efficiency improvement; Al2O3
Categories
Funding
- UM High Impact Research Grant from the Ministry of Education, Malaysia [UM-MoE UM.C/HIR/MoE/ENG/40]
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Application of nanofluid to increase the thermal efficiency of a traditional solar collector is getting tremendous attention among the scientific community. Al2O3-water nanofluid, as a working fluid and its effect on the energy and exergy efficiencies of a flat plate solar collector was examined experimentally. Volume fraction used for this study was 0.1% and 0.3%, while the size of the nanoparticles was similar to 13 nm. Experiments were carried out using a stable nanofluid which was obtained by controlling the pH of the solution over a period of 30 days. The mass flow rates of the nanofluid varied from 0.5 to 1.5 kg/min. Energy and exergy efficiencies of a flat plate solar collector using water and nanofluids as working fluids were matched. The results revealed that nanofluids increased the energy efficiency by 83.5% for 0.3% v/v and 1.5 kg/min, whereas the exergy efficiency was enhanced by up to 20.3% for 0.1% v/v and 1 kg/min. Thermal efficiency of the system was found to be more than 50% compared to the existing system available in the literature. New findings on the stability and exergy analysis of the solar collector system operated with a pH controlled nanofluid are reported. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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