Journal
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
Volume 57, Issue 3, Pages 353-368Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12502
Keywords
Risk-taking behavior; adolescence; developmental changes; individual differences; externalizing disorders; brain connectivity; ventral striatum
Categories
Funding
- ERC [ERC-2010-StG-263234]
- NWO [NWO-Veni-451-10-007]
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Background: Risk-taking, which involves voluntary choices for behaviors where outcomes remain uncertain, undergoes considerable developmental changes during childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. In addition, risk-taking is thought to be a key element of many externalizing disorders, such as ADHD, delinquency, conduct disorder, and substance abuse. In this review, we will discuss the potential adaptive and nonadaptive properties of risk-taking in childhood and adolescence. Findings: We propose that the changes in brain architecture and function are a crucial element underlying these developmental trajectories. We first identify how subcortical and cortical interactions are important for understanding risk-taking behavior in adults. Next, we show how developmental changes in this network underlie changes in risk-taking behavior. Finally, we explore how these differences can be important for understanding externalizing behavioral disorders in childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: We conclude that longitudinal studies are of crucial importance for understanding these developmental trajectories, and many of these studies are currently underway.
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