Journal
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
Volume 71, Issue -, Pages 41-49Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.12.002
Keywords
Ursolic acid; Dopaminergic neuron; Substantia nigra; Tyrosine hydroxylase; Homovanilic acid; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
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Funding
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India [P-25/327]
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
- Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi [P-07/520]
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a slow and progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of brain. Oxidative stress and inflammation plays important role in the neurodegeneration and development of PD. Ursolic Acid (UA: 3 beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in various medicinal plants. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity is a well-established fact. In this paper, the neuroprotective efficiency of UA in MPTP induced PD mouse model has been explored. For this purpose, we divided 30 mice into 5 different groups; first was control, second was MPTP-treated, third, fourth and fifth were different doses of UA viz., 5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg body weight (wt) respectively, along with MPTP. After 21 days of treatment, different behavioral parameters and biochemical assays were conducted. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining of SN dopaminergic neurons as well as HPLC quantification of dopamine and its metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanilic acid (HVA) were also performed. Our results proved that, UA improves behavioral deficits, restored altered dopamine level and protect dopaminergic neurons in the MPTP intoxicated mouse. Among three different doses, 25 mg/kg body wt was the most effective dose for the PD. This work reveals the potential of UA as a promising drug candidate for PD treatment. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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