Journal
LIFE-BASEL
Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/life12050697
Keywords
extracellular vesicles (EVs); biotherapeutics; long-term storage; stability; temperature; freeze-thaw cycle
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [NIH R01 GM127596]
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small biological particles released by cells, have garnered interest for their potential medical applications. However, the effects of storage conditions on EVs and their stability are not well understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on this topic and explores prospective ways to improve long-term storage conditions for EVs.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small biological particles released into biofluids by every cell. Based on their size, they are classified into small EVs (<100 nm or <200 nm) and medium or large EVs (>200 nm). In recent years, EVs have garnered interest for their potential medical applications, including disease diagnosis, cell-based biotherapies, targeted drug delivery systems, and others. Currently, the long-term and short-term storage temperatures for biofluids and EVs are -80 degrees C and 4 degrees C, respectively. The storage capacity of EVs can depend on their number, size, function, temperature, duration, and freeze-thaw cycles. While these parameters are increasingly studied, the effects of preservation and storage conditions of EVs on their integrity remain to be understood. Knowledge gaps in these areas may ultimately impede the widespread applicability of EVs. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge on the effect of storage conditions on EVs and their stability and critically explores prospective ways for improving long-term storage conditions to ensure EV stability.
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