Profiling Levels of Serum microRNAs and Soluble ACE2 in COVID-19 Patients

Review Virology

The role of microRNAs in solving COVID-19 puzzle from infection to therapeutics: A mini-review

Sujay Paul et al.

Summary: This article explores the clinical relevance and biological roles of miRNAs in COVID-19. It suggests that miRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this disease, aiding in diagnosis and treatment.

VIRUS RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Evaluation of miR-200c-3p and miR-421-5p levels during immune responses in the admitted and recovered COVID-19 subjects

Shahrokh Abdolahi et al.

Summary: This study investigated the miRNA and inflammatory cytokine levels related to ACE2 gene expression in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that the expression levels of miR-200c-3p and miR-421-5p, as well as CD4, CD25, and Foxp3, significantly decreased, while IL-6 expression notably increased at the time of admission for COVID-19 patients. However, by the time of discharge, the expression levels of these genes were opposite to the time of admission.

INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION (2022)

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Article Biophysics

The inhibitory effect of a coronavirus spike protein fragment with ACE2

Emanuel K. Peter et al.

Summary: This article investigates the binding processes of a hexapeptide YKYRYL on the ACE2 receptor and its inhibitory effect on the activation of CoV-2 spike protein, suggesting it as a possible treatment option to prevent viral activation.

BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Letter Respiratory System

Plasma ACE2 activity is persistently elevated following SARS-CoV-2 infection: implications for COVID-19 pathogenesis and consequences

Sheila K. Patel et al.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

A historical perspective on ACE2 in the COVID-19 era

Vivek Bhalla et al.

JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Decreased serum levels of the inflammaging marker miR-146a are associated with clinical non-response to tocilizumab in COVID-19 patients

Jacopo Sabbatinelli et al.

Summary: The expression levels of miR-146a-5p related to inflammaging changed in COVID-19 patients after receiving treatment with Tocilizumab, with patients who did not respond to the drug having lower levels of miR-146a-5p and experiencing worse outcomes. This blood-based biomarker may offer insights into the molecular link between inflammaging and the clinical course of COVID-19, providing a better understanding for using biologic drugs against this global health threat.

MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

MicroRNA Mimics or Inhibitors as Antiviral Therapeutic Approaches Against COVID-19

Christine Hum et al.

Summary: Investigations into the interaction between miRNAs and SARS-CoV-2 could potentially lead to the development of miRNA-based antiviral therapies as an alternative strategy to combat COVID-19.

DRUGS (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

A dramatic rise in serum ACE2 activity in a critically ill COVID-19 patient

Bela Nagy et al.

Summary: Studies have shown that the significant increase in ACE2 activity in COVID-19 patients may be an endogenous nonspecific protective mechanism against viral infection, which could play a role before the patient's recovery.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

High serum miR-421 is associated with metabolic dysregulation and inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome

Aecio A. Braga et al.

Summary: This study aimed to explore the association of circulating miRNAs with obesity, metabolic alterations, and inflammation in patients with MetS. Seven miRNAs were found to be dysregulated in MetS patients, with miR-421 being associated with a high risk of MetS, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Circulating miR-421 may serve as a potential biomarker for insulin resistance, metabolic dysregulation, and inflammatory status in MetS patients.

EPIGENOMICS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Levels: A Comprehensive Analysis Based on Animal Studies

Gabor Kriszta et al.

Summary: This study systematically reviewed the relationship between ACEI/ARB administration and ACE2 expression in experimental models, with the majority of studies reporting an increase in ACE2 levels in response to these treatments.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Virology

The role of miRNAs in COVID-19 disease

Mona Fani et al.

Summary: Currently, SARS-CoV-2 infection is recognized as the primary cause of mortality in humans, with miRNAs emerging as a promising option in targeting the virus and acting as observers in cells. This study reviews the potential role of cellular miRNAs in therapeutic options for COVID-19 patients.

FUTURE VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Circulating Soluble ACE2 and Upstream microRNA Expressions in Serum of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Noha Mousaad Elemam et al.

Summary: The study revealed a decrease in circulating serum levels of sACE2 in T2DM patients, influenced by age, gender, and obesity level, and identified 4 novel miRNAs associated with T2DM that are affected by various clinical and demographic factors.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Epidemiology of asymptomatic and symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 confirmed cases in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Observational study

Farida Al Hosani et al.

Summary: This study described the demographics, clinical features, and outcomes of 3827 confirmed cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Emirates of Abu Dhabi, UAE. Most cases were male and of foreign nationality, with 43% being asymptomatic and 57% displaying mild symptoms. Only 4% required admission to intensive care units.

MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Altered microRNA expression in COVID-19 patients enables identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Ryan J. Farr et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the host miRNA response to COVID-19 and identified a three-miRNA signature that can independently classify COVID-19 cases with high accuracy. The findings suggest that miRNA profiling could potentially improve COVID-19 detection and patient management.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Expression of ACE2, Soluble ACE2, Angiotensin I, Angiotensin II and Angiotensin-(1-7) Is Modulated in COVID-19 Patients

Ikram Omar Osman et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to variations in ACE2 expression and Ang II plasma concentration, potentially affecting blood pressure regulation and COVID-19 outcomes.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Plasma ACE2 predicts outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients

Tue W. Kragstrup et al.

Summary: This study suggests that measuring plasma ACE2 levels may help predict COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, ACE2 could serve as a link between COVID-19 severity and established risk factors such as hypertension, pre-existing heart disease, and pre-existing kidney disease.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Serum levels of ACE2 are higher in patients with obesity and diabetes

Valur Emilsson et al.

Summary: The study found that ACE2 levels were higher in smokers, individuals with T2D, and obesity. This may suggest that ACE2 could potentially serve as a circulating biomarker for severity of COVID-19 outcomes in patients with comorbidities such as obesity and T2D.

OBESITY SCIENCE & PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences