Journal
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.892314
Keywords
Cannabis sativa; green extraction; deep eutectic solvents; cannabinoids; plant extracts
Categories
Funding
- European Union [ERC-2016-CoG 725034]
- Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) - FCT/MCTES [UIDB/50006/2020]
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In this study, hydrophilic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on terpenes, sugars, and natural organic acids were developed as green extraction media for cannabis bioactive compounds. The results showed that DESs had higher extraction efficiency and selectivity compared to organic solvents.
The increasing demand for medical cannabis urges the development of new and effective methods for the extraction of phytocannabinoids. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are an alternative to the use of hazardous organic solvents typically used in the industry. In this study, hydrophilic and hydrophobic DESs were developed based on terpenes, sugars, and natural organic acids as green extraction media for the extraction of cannabis bioactive compounds. The factors influencing the extraction of bioactive components, such as the type of DESs and extraction time, were investigated. Initial screening in hemp showed that the DES composed of Men: Lau (a 2:1-M ratio) had a greater extraction efficiency of cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) (11.07 +/- 0.37 mg/g) of all the tested DESs and higher than ethanol. Besides having a higher or equivalent extraction yield as the organic solvents tested, DESs showed to be more selective, extracting fewer impurities, such as chlorophyll and waxes. These results, coupled with the non-toxic, biodegradable, low-cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics of DESs, provide strong evidence that DESs represent a better alternative to organic solvents.
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