4.7 Article

Pseudotyped Bat Coronavirus RaTG13 is efficiently neutralised by convalescent sera from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Immunology

Neutralisation Hierarchy of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Using Standardised, Quantitative Neutralisation Assays Reveals a Correlation With Disease Severity; Towards Deciphering Protective Antibody Thresholds

Diego Cantoni et al.

Summary: The rise of SARS-CoV-2 variants has made it difficult to define correlates of protection. A study found that convalescent sera from the first wave of infections in the UK had a significant reduction in their ability to neutralise variants of concern. Patients with more severe COVID-19 had higher antibody levels and better neutralisation capabilities.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Broad and potent activity against SARS-like viruses by an engineered human monoclonal antibody

C. Garrett Rappazzo et al.

Summary: The engineered antibody ADG-2 shows enhanced neutralization breadth and potency against a wide range of sarbecoviruses, providing complete protection in SARS and COVID-19 mouse models. Structural and biochemical studies reveal that ADG-2 targets a highly conserved epitope through a unique angle of approach.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Prospective mapping of viral mutations that escape antibodies used to treat COVID-19

Tyler N. Starr et al.

Summary: Research has found that mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 may potentially escape the action of the REGN-COV2 cocktail, providing important information for interpreting mutations observed during viral surveillance.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike N439K variants maintain fitness while evading antibody-mediated immunity

Emma C. Thomson et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 virus can mutate and evade immunity, with mutations like N439K conferring resistance against neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and enhancing binding affinity to hACE2 receptor. Despite similar in vitro replication fitness and clinical outcomes compared to wild type, N439K mutation highlights the importance of ongoing molecular surveillance for guiding vaccine and therapeutic development and usage.
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Evidence of escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 from natural and vaccine-induced sera

Daming Zhou et al.

Summary: The race to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1, is ongoing as these variants have mutations in the spike protein, potentially leading to immune escape. A structure-function analysis of B.1.351 revealed tighter ACE2 binding and widespread evasion from monoclonal antibody neutralization, particularly driven by the E484K mutation.
Article Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral spike vaccines

Xiaoying Shen et al.

Summary: Current COVID-19 vaccines target the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike, but the emerging B.1.1.7 variant with multiple spike mutations may impact some antibody therapies while posing no major concerns for vaccine efficacy or increased risk of reinfection.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Article Microbiology

Identification of SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations that attenuate monoclonal and serum antibody neutralization

Zhuoming Liu et al.

Summary: The study found that antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have escape mutations, different monoclonal antibodies have unique resistance profiles, some mutants are resistant to multiple antibodies while some variants can escape neutralization by convalescent sera. Comparing antibody-mediated mutations with circulating SARS-CoV-2 sequences revealed substitutions that may weaken neutralizing immune responses in some individuals, warranting further investigation.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Article Microbiology

Comprehensive mapping of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain that affect recognition by polyclonal human plasma antibodies

Allison J. Greaney et al.

Summary: The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 may impact the recognition of the virus by human antibody-mediated immunity, with mutations affecting antibody binding varying significantly among individuals and within the same individual over time. Despite this variability, mutations that greatly reduce antibody binding usually occur at specific sites in the RBD, with E484 being the most crucial. These findings can inform surveillance efforts for SARS-CoV-2 evolution in the future.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants

Zijun Wang et al.

Summary: Volunteers who received the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine showed high levels of antibodies and memory B cell responses against SARS-CoV-2, with activity similar to individuals who had recovered from natural infection. However, their efficacy against specific SARS-CoV-2 variants was reduced, indicating a potential need for periodic updates to mRNA vaccines to maintain clinical efficacy.

NATURE (2021)

News Item Medicine, General & Internal

Covid-19: The E484K mutation and the risks it poses

Jacqui Wise

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

Article Cell Biology

The effect of spike mutations on SARS-CoV-2 neutralization

Chloe Rees-Spear et al.

Summary: The study found that emerging variants of the coronavirus may lead to reduced neutralization by antibodies induced by vaccines or previous infection, but some samples still retain effectiveness. This highlights the importance of real-time monitoring of emerging mutations and their impact on vaccine efficacy.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Spike residue 403 affects binding of coronavirus spikes to human ACE2

Fabian Zech et al.

Summary: By exchanging residue 403 between RaTG13 and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, researchers demonstrated the impact on binding to human ACE2 and entry of pseudotyped viruses. This finding suggests the potential of vaccination to protect against future zoonotic diseases.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and P.1 escape from neutralizing antibodies

Markus Hoffmann et al.

Summary: The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants may exhibit resistance to existing neutralizing antibodies and treatments, which could have significant implications for pandemic containment efforts.
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 evolution in an immunocompromised host reveals shared neutralization escape mechanisms

Sarah A. Clark et al.

Summary: The study reveals that mutations occurring during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 virus may lead to resistance against antibodies, posing challenges to long-term efficacy.
Article Microbiology

Infection- and vaccine-induced antibody binding and neutralization of the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant

Venkata Viswanadh Edara et al.

Summary: Despite reduced antibody titers against the B.1.351 variant, sera from infected and vaccinated individuals containing polyclonal antibodies to the spike protein could still neutralize SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351, suggesting that protective humoral immunity may be retained against this variant.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Article Immunology

Analysis of Serological Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convalescent Samples From Severe, Moderate and Mild COVID-19 Cases

Javier Castillo-Olivares et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, precise monitoring of antibody responses has become increasingly important, especially with the large-scale vaccine rollout and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Identifying Correlates of Protection (CoP) for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease is crucial, with virus neutralising antibodies and specific binding antibodies being identified as potential CoP candidates. Results from this study show higher levels of neutralising antibodies in severe COVID-19 patients compared to seropositive healthcare workers with mild or asymptomatic infections. The study aims to identify biomarkers that could differentiate between severe and mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections, with potential implications for future serological studies.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Neutralizing antibody vaccine for pandemic and pre-emergent coronaviruses

Kevin O. Saunders et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that immunizing macaques with nanoparticles conjugated with the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, adjuvanted with 3M-052 and alum, can elicit cross-neutralizing antibody responses against various coronaviruses and provide protection against SARS-CoV-2. Nucleoside-modified mRNAs encoding stabilized spike proteins also induce antibody responses against different coronaviruses, suggesting potential for developing vaccines against multiple betacoronaviruses in the future.

NATURE (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies

Delphine Planas et al.

Summary: The ability of convalescent sera from individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 and those vaccinated with BNT162b2 to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants B1.1.7 and B.1.351 decreases, but increases after two vaccine doses. The study found that the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants may have acquired partial resistance to neutralizing antibodies generated by natural infection or vaccination, particularly in individuals with low antibody levels. This suggests that the B.1.351 variant may pose a greater risk of infection in immunized individuals.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Binding and molecular basis of the bat coronavirus RaTG13 virus to ACE2 in humans and other species

Kefang Liu et al.

Summary: Research has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 virus may originate from bats, with genetic sequences closely related to RaTG13. Experiments revealed that residue 501 plays a key role in determining the potential host range of RaTG13. Additionally, it was found that SARS-CoV-2 can induce strong cross-reactive antibodies and a monoclonal antibody capable of cross-neutralizing RaTG13.
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Pan-Sarbecovirus Neutralizing Antibodies in BNT162b2-Immunized SARS-CoV-1 Survivors

Chee-Wah Tan et al.

Summary: Survivors of SARS-CoV-1 infection who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine produced potent cross-clade pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing antibodies, capable of neutralizing various variants of concern and potential human-infecting coronaviruses, indicating the feasibility of a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine strategy.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Article Biology

Production, Titration, Neutralisation, Storage and Lyophilisation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Lentiviral Pseudotypes

Cecilia Di Genova et al.

Summary: This protocol outlines a method for producing and testing high-titre viral pseudotype particles with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for neutralisation assays. Results show that these particles can be neutralised by convalescent plasma and monoclonal antibodies, and can be stored at various temperatures for distribution and application.

BIO-PROTOCOL (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

Peng Zhou et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

Na Zhu et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

Alexandra C. Walls et al.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2

Jian Shang et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Impact of Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Spike on Viral Infectivity and Antigenicity

Qianqian Li et al.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 and bat RaTG13 spike glycoprotein structures inform on virus evolution and furin-cleavage effects

Antoni G. Wrobel et al.

NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein has a broad tropism for mammalian ACE2 proteins

Carina Conceicao et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2020)

Article Biochemical Research Methods

Pseudotype Neutralization Assays: From Laboratory Bench to Data Analysis

Francesca Ferrara et al.

METHODS AND PROTOCOLS (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanisms of Host Receptor Adaptation by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

Kailang Wu et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2012)