4.7 Article

A Scoping Review of Attitudes and Experiences with Pharmacogenomic Testing among Patients and the General Public: Implications for Patient Counseling

Journal

JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030425

Keywords

pharmacogenomics; patient experience; patient counseling

Funding

  1. Defining the Future Grant from the College of Neurologic and Psychiatric Pharmacists Foundation
  2. Samuel W. Melendy/William & Mildred Peters Summer Research Scholarship from the University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy

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Patient counseling is crucial in pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing. A scoping review and thematic analysis identified important themes and subthemes, providing valuable context for patient counseling. Pre- and post-test counseling could help mitigate knowledge gaps, misunderstandings, and concerns.
The use of pharmacogenomic (PGx) tests is increasing, but there are not standard approaches to counseling patients on their implications or results. To inform approaches for patient counseling, we conducted a scoping review of published literature on patient experiences with PGx testing and performed a thematic analysis of qualitative and quantitative reports. A structured scoping review was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute guidance. The search identified 37 articles (involving n = 6252 participants) published between 2010 and 2021 from a diverse range of populations and using a variety of study methodologies. Thematic analysis identified five themes (reasons for testing/perceived benefit, understanding of results, psychological response, impact of testing on patient/provider relationship, concerns about testing/perceived harm) and 22 subthemes. These results provide valuable context and potential areas of focus during patient counseling on PGx. Many of the knowledge gaps, misunderstandings, and concerns that participants identified could be mitigated by pre- and post-test counseling. More research is needed on patients' PGx literacy needs, along with the development of a standardized, open-source patient education curriculum and the development of validated PGx literacy assessment tools.

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