Journal
JOURNAL OF FUNGI
Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jof8030246
Keywords
biocontrol; fungus; Trichoderma; Gram-negative; Erwinia
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Funding
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) through a Geran Galakan Penyelidikan-Industri grant [GGPI-2016-002]
- University of Warwick
- Leverhulme Trust [ECF-2018-691]
- UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship [MR/V022334/1]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council through the Centre for Doctoral Training in Synthetic Biology (SynBioCDT)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council through the Centre for Doctoral Training in Synthetic Biology (SynBioCDT) [EP/L016494/1]
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Synthetic Biology
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This study found that rhizospheric Trichoderma isolates from Malaysia have the ability to suppress the causal agent of papaya dieback disease. Genomic analysis revealed potential antimicrobial mechanisms, opening up possibilities for further utilization of their antimicrobial activity.
Erwinia mallotivora, the causal agent of papaya dieback disease, is a devastating pathogen that has caused a tremendous decrease in Malaysian papaya export and affected papaya crops in neighbouring countries. A few studies on bacterial species capable of suppressing E. mallotivora have been reported, but the availability of antagonistic fungi remains unknown. In this study, mycelial suspensions from five rhizospheric Trichoderma isolates of Malaysian origin were found to exhibit notable antagonisms against E. mallotivora during co-cultivation. We further characterised three isolates, Trichoderma koningiopsis UKM-M-UW RA5, UKM-M-UW RA6, and UKM-M-UW RA3a, that showed significant growth inhibition zones on plate-based inhibition assays. A study of the genomes of the three strains through a combination of Oxford nanopore and Illumina sequencing technologies highlighted potential secondary metabolite pathways that might underpin their antimicrobial properties. Based on these findings, the fungal isolates are proven to be useful as potential biological control agents against E. mallotivora, and the genomic data opens possibilities to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms behind their antimicrobial activity, with potential synthetic biology applications.
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