Atomic Spin Polarization Controllability Analysis: A Novel Controllability Determination Method for Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free Co-Magnetometers

This paper investigates the atomic spin polarization controllability of spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometers (SERFCMs). This is the first work in the field of controllability analysis for the atomic spin ensembles systems, whose dynamic behaviors of spin polarization are described by the Bloch equations. Based on the Bloch equations, a state-space model of the atomic spin polarization for SERFCM is first established, which belongs to a particular class of nonlinear systems. For this class of nonlinear systems, a novel determination method for the global state controllability is proposed and proved. Then, this method is implemented in the process of controllability analysis on the atomic spin polarization of an actual SERFCM. Moreover, a theoretically feasible and reasonable solution of the control input is proposed under some physical constraints, with whose limitation of realistic conditions, the controller design can be accomplished more practically and more exactly. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and validation of the proposed controllability determination method.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the controllability of atomic spin polarization in SERFCMs. The Bloch equations are used to describe the dynamic behavior of spin polarization in atomic spin ensemble systems. A state-space model is established for the atomic spin polarization in SERFCM, which belongs to a class of nonlinear systems. A novel determination method for global state controllability is proposed and implemented in the analysis of the atomic spin polarization. A theoretically feasible control input solution is proposed under physical constraints to achieve more practical and accurate controller design. The simulation results validate the proposed controllability determination method.