Journal
SOLAR RRL
Volume 6, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/solr.202200150
Keywords
CuIn(S,Se)(2); doctor-blading; molecular solutions; thin-film solar cells; two-step annealing
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [22075150]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2019YFE0118100]
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A scalable doctor-blading technique was successfully applied to fabricate high-efficiency CuIn(S,Se)2 thin-film solar cells from a specific precursor solution in ambient air, solving the problems of residue solvent and fluidity.
Solution-processed chalcopyrite copper indium gallium sulfoselenide (Cu(In, Ga)(S,Se)(2), CIGSSe) thin-film solar cells have achieved efficiency beyond 18% and have great potential as an alternative to vacuum-based ones. However, most of the efficient solution-based CIGSSe solar cells are fabricated by spin-coating in an inert atmosphere, which limits the transfer from lab protocol to industrial large-scale production. Herein, a scalable doctor-blading technique is applied to fabricate CuIn (S,Se)(2) (CISSe) absorbers from N,N-di methylformamide molecular precursor solution in ambient air. With the optimization of the precursor concentration to reduce the residue solvent and change the thermal annealing process from one-step to two-step to separate solvent evaporation and complex decomposition to suppress fluidity, high-quality absorber films with densely packed large grains have been fabricated and a champion CISSe solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 12.54% has been achieved. Importantly, unlike the spin-coating technique which may cause composition change due to the different solubilities of the precursors, the doctor-bladed film has a composition very close to the precursor solution, which is very important for precise control of the absorber composition for industrial production.
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