Journal
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 68, Issue 6, Pages 425-432Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000429
Keywords
beta-catenin; cardiomyocytes; CHIR-99021; proliferation
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB945304]
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (CN) [134119a3900]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (CN) [16ZR1421800]
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Background: The renewal capacity of neonate human cardiomyocytes provides an opportunity to manipulate endogenous cardiogenic mechanisms for supplementing the loss of cardiomyocytes caused by myocardial infarction or other cardiac diseases. GSK-3 beta inhibitors have been recently shown to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation in rats and mice, thus may be ideal candidates for inducing human cardiomyocyte proliferation. Methods: Human cardiomyocytes were isolated from right atrial specimens obtained during routine surgery for ventricle septal defect and cultured with either GSK-3 beta inhibitor (CHIR-99021) or beta-catenin inhibitor (IWR-1). Immunocytochemistry was performed to visualize 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU)positive or Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes, indicative of proliferative cardiomyocytes. Results: GSK-3 beta inhibitor significantly increased b-catenin accumulation in cell nucleus, whereas b-catenin inhibitor significantly reduced b-catenin accumulation in cell plasma. In parallel, GSK-3 beta inhibitor increased EdU-positive and Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes, whereas b-catenin inhibitor decreased EdU-positive and Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes. Conclusions: These results indicate that GSK-3 beta inhibitor can promote human atrial cardiomyocyte proliferation. Although it remains to be determined whether the observations in atrial myocytes could be directly applicable to ventricular myocytes, the current findings imply that Wnt/beta-catenin pathway may be a valuable pathway for manipulating endogenous human heart regeneration.
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