4.7 Article

An Analysis of Genetic Variability and Population Structure in Wheat Germplasm Using Microsatellite and Gene-Based Markers

Journal

PLANTS-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 9, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/plants11091205

Keywords

wheat; genetic resources; molecular markers; clustering pattern; SCoT markers; CBDP markers

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Funding

  1. University of Helsinki
  2. Eotvos Research Fund

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This study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of four Triticum and Aegilops species using different gene markers. The results showed that the CBDP marker had higher efficiency than the SCoT and SSR markers. There was a higher distribution of genetic variation within species than among them, with Ae. cylindrica and Ae. tauschii having the highest values. The cluster analysis indicated that the SSR marker was more effective in grouping of tested accessions, which was confirmed by the results of principal coordinate analysis and population structure. Combining the SCoT and CBDP markers with polymorphic SSR markers may have applications in genetic fingerprinting and association analysis in wheat and its germplasm.
Knowledge of the natural patterns of genetic variation and their evolutionary basis is required for sustainable management and conservation of wheat germplasm. In the current study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 100 individuals from four Triticum and Aegilops species (including T. aestivum, Ae. tauschii, Ae. cylindrica, and Ae. crassa) were investigated using two gene-based markers (start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism and CAAT-box derived polymorphism (CBDP)) and simple-sequence repeats (SSRs). The SCoT, CBDP, and SSR markers yielded 76, 116, and 48 polymorphism fragments, respectively. The CBDP marker had greater efficiency than the SCoT and SSR markers due to its higher polymorphism content information (PIC), resolving power (Rp), and marker index (MI). Based on an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) performed using all marker systems and combined data, there was a higher distribution of genetic variation within species than among them. Ae. cylindrica and Ae. tauschii had the highest values for all genetic variation parameters. A cluster analysis using each marker system and combined data showed that the SSR marker had greater efficiency in grouping of tested accessions, such that the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and population structure confirmed the obtained clustering patterns. Hence, combining the SCoT and CBDP markers with polymorphic SSR markers may be useful in genetic fingerprinting and fine mapping and for association analysis in wheat and its germplasm for various agronomic traits or tolerance mechanisms to environmental stresses.

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