4.5 Article

Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Glioblastoma: 5-ALA, SF or Both? Differences between Fluorescent Dyes in 99 Consecutive Cases

Journal

BRAIN SCIENCES
Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050555

Keywords

glioblastoma; high-grade glioma; fluorescence-guided surgery; 5-ALA; sodium fluorescein

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Funding

  1. Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca-MIUR project Dipartimenti di eccellenza''

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This study compared the use of 5-ALA and SF in GBM patients and found no significant differences in terms of resection extent and postoperative functional status. However, the concomitant use of both fluorophores may improve overall survival.
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. The extent of resection (EOR) has been claimed as one of the most important prognostic factors. Fluorescent dyes aid surgeons in detecting a tumor's borders. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and sodium fluorescein (SF) are the most used. Only a few studies have directly compared these two fluorophores. Methods: A single center retrospective analysis of patients treated for GBM in the period between January 2018 and January 2021 was built to find any differences in terms of EOR, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and overall survival (OS) on the use of 5-ALA, SF, or both. Results: Overall, 99 patients affected by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type Glioblastoma were included. 5-ALA was administered to 40 patients, SF to 44, and both to 15. No statistically significant associations were identified between the fluorophore and EOR (p = 0.783) or postoperative KPS (p = 0.270). Survival analyses did not show a selective advantage for the use of a given fluorophore (p = 0.184), although there appears to be an advantageous trend associated with the concomitant use of both dyes, particularly after stratification by MGMT (p = 0.071). Conclusions: 5-Ala and SF are equally useful in achieving gross total resection of the enhancing tumor volume. The combination of both fluorophores could lead to an OS advantage.

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