Clinical Analysis of Pediatric Glaucoma in Central China

PurposeWe aimed to describe the characteristics, epidemiology, management, and outcomes of glaucoma in pediatric patients in central China. MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed inpatients with pediatric glaucoma at Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, and Henan Eye Hospital between 2017 and 2020. ResultsOverall, 239 cases (276 eyes) of pediatric glaucoma in patients, comprising 87 girls (36.40%) and 152 boys (63.60%) were analyzed. The mean age was 6.65 +/- 4.46, and 2.93% of the patients had a family history of glaucoma. Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) was the most common type of glaucoma, followed by traumatic glaucoma in 8.33% of the patients, which was considered secondary glaucoma. The most common signs and symptoms were elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and eye pain. Trabeculotomy (Trab) and microcatheter-assisted 360 degrees trabeculotomy (MAT) combined with Trab were the most commonly performed surgeries. The IOP of patients with PCG, juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG), and secondary glaucoma were 15.27 +/- 7.48 mmHg, 17.16 +/- 10.05, and 18.65 +/- 8.55, respectively, at the final follow up. The rate of re-operations in patients with PCG, JOAG, and secondary glaucoma were 9.15%, 6.78%, and 4.69%, respectively. The mean visual acuity of the eyes with PCG, JOAG, and secondary glaucoma was 0.79 +/- 0.68, 0.51 +/- 0.48, and 0.53 +/- 0.50, respectively. ConclusionPCG, JOAG, and traumatic glaucoma were the most prevalent subtypes in patients with pediatric glaucoma in central China. Trab and MAT combined with Trab were the most common interventions used in this study. Pediatric amblyopia might require full attention during the entire treatment, especially after glaucoma surgery. Effective preventive measures and more public education on glaucoma prevention and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment is necessary.

Automated summary

This study retrospectively analyzed the characteristics, epidemiology, management, and outcomes of pediatric glaucoma in central China. The most common subtype was primary congenital glaucoma, and Trab and MAT were the commonly performed surgeries. Elevated intraocular pressure and eye pain were the most common signs and symptoms. Effective preventive measures and public education on glaucoma prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment are crucial.