Journal
METABOLITES
Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030270
Keywords
anemia; iron deficiency; peripheral blood mononuclear cells; liver; mitochondrial function; OXPHOS; mitochondrial respiration; surrogate
Categories
Funding
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research
- FWF [W-1253]
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Biomedicine, Eurac, in Bolzano, Italy
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Iron is essential for metabolism and its deficiency can lead to metabolic dysfunction and anemia. In a rat model of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), mitochondrial respiration was increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) but remained unaffected in the liver. This suggests that PBMC mitochondrial function cannot be a valid surrogate for liver respiration. Iron deficiency resulted in different metabolic reprogramming in blood cells and liver tissue.
Iron is an essential component for metabolic processes, including oxygen transport within hemoglobin, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity, and mitochondrial energy transformation. Iron deficiency can thus lead to metabolic dysfunction and eventually result in iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which affects approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide. Using a rat model of IDA induced by phlebotomy, we studied the effects of IDA on mitochondrial respiration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the liver. Furthermore, we evaluated whether the mitochondrial function evaluated by high-resolution respirometry in PBMCs reflects corresponding alterations in the liver. Surprisingly, mitochondrial respiratory capacity was increased in PBMCs from rats with IDA compared to the controls. In contrast, mitochondrial respiration remained unaffected in livers from IDA rats. Of note, citrate synthase activity indicated an increased mitochondrial density in PBMCs, whereas it remained unchanged in the liver, partly explaining the different responses of mitochondrial respiration in PBMCs and the liver. Taken together, these results indicate that mitochondrial function determined in PBMCs cannot serve as a valid surrogate for respiration in the liver. Metabolic adaptions to iron deficiency resulted in different metabolic reprogramming in the blood cells and liver tissue.
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