Journal
PATHOGENS
Volume 11, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050522
Keywords
viral proteases; innate immunity; immune antagonism; interferon pathway; virus-induced proteolysis
Categories
Funding
- Boston University Startup Funds
- Charles H. Hood Foundation Child Health Research Award [Agmt dtd 12/16/2019]
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Viral proteases play a significant role in viral infections by affecting viral protein maturation and impacting the host innate immune response. Studying viral protease-mediated host protein cleavage provides valuable insights into the complexity of the innate immune system and viral pathogenesis.
As a frontline defense mechanism against viral infections, the innate immune system is the primary target of viral antagonism. A number of virulence factors encoded by viruses play roles in circumventing host defenses and augmenting viral replication. Among these factors are viral proteases, which are primarily responsible for maturation of viral proteins, but in addition cause proteolytic cleavage of cellular proteins involved in innate immune signaling. The study of these viral protease-mediated host cleavages has illuminated the intricacies of innate immune networks and yielded valuable insights into viral pathogenesis. In this review, we will provide a brief summary of how proteases of positive-strand RNA viruses, mainly from the Picornaviridae, Flaviviridae and Coronaviridae families, proteolytically process innate immune components and blunt their functions.
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