Journal
ANTIOXIDANTS
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030558
Keywords
olive leaves; phenolic compounds; sonotrode; Box-Behnken; HPLC-MS; antimicrobial activity
Funding
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [817936]
- MCIN/AEI/FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa [RTI2018-099835-A-I00]
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [817936] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
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In this study, a sonotrode ultrasound-assisted extraction method was developed to extract phenolic compounds from olive leaves. The effects of solvent composition and ultrasound parameters were optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The results showed that the optimized conditions produced extracts with high antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
A sonotrode ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from olive leaves has been developed using a Box-Behnken design to optimize the effects of solvent composition and ultrasound parameters. The determination of single phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC-MS and the highest recovery in total compounds, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol was achieved using EtOH/H2O (55:45, v/v), 8 min and 100% of amplitude. The optimal conditions were applied on leaves from seven olive cultivars grown under the same conditions and the results were compared with those found by using a conventional ultrasonic bath, obtaining no statistical differences. Moreover, antioxidant activity by FRAP, DPPH and ABTS in these olive leaf extracts was evaluated and they exhibited a significant correlation with oleuropein and total phenolic content. All cultivars of olive leaf extracts were found to be active against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values) that ranged from 5.5 to 22.5 mg mL(-1). No extracts showed antimicrobial activity against C. albicans. The percentages of mycelium reduction in B. cinerea ranged from 2.2 and 18.1%. Therefore, sonotrode could be considered as an efficient and fast extraction technique that could be easily scaled-up at industrial level, thus allowing for olive leaves to be revalorized.
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