Journal
ANTIOXIDANTS
Volume 11, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050826
Keywords
NRF2; oxidative stress; exercise; brain; tetrahydrobiopterin; neopterin; epigenetics
Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Estado de Santa Catarina (FAPESC)/Programa de Pesquisa para o SUS (FAPESC/PPSUS) [2021TR000452]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [422488/2021-6, 3 200656/2021-0]
- CNPq fellow (CNPq/PQ) [312854/2019-6]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/Programa Institucional de Internacionalizacao (CAPES/PRINT) [88887.465775/2019-00]
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Regular physical exercise has been shown to enhance cellular antioxidant defenses by activating the NRF2 signaling pathway, which in turn has beneficial effects on the antioxidant systems in both the brain and skeletal muscle.
Erythroid-related nuclear factor 2 (NRF2) and the antioxidant-responsive-elements (ARE) signaling pathway are the master regulators of cell antioxidant defenses, playing a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, a scenario in which proper mitochondrial function is essential. Increasing evidence indicates that the regular practice of physical exercise increases cellular antioxidant defenses by activating NRF2 signaling. This manuscript reviewed classic and ongoing research on the beneficial effects of exercise on the antioxidant system in both the brain and skeletal muscle.
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