HPV Vaccination among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Living with or at High-Risk for HIV

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is epidemic among young people, especially those at highest risk of acquiring HPV-related cancers. Methods: Youth aged 14-24 years old (N = 1628) were recruited from 13 clinics, community agencies, and social media sites in Los Angeles, California, and New Orleans, Louisiana, that specialized in serving sexual and gender minority youths (SGMY), especially males at risk for HIV A cross-sectional comparison of sociodemographic and risk histories of HPV vaccinated/unvaccinated youths was conducted using both univariate and multivariate regressions. Results: About half (51.9%) of youth were vaccinated, with similar percentages across states and across genders. Sexual and gender minority youths (SGMY, i.e., gay, bisexual, transgender, and non-heterosexual; 68.8%) and their heterosexual peers (15%) were equally likely to be vaccinated (54%), even though their risk for HPV-related cancers is very different. Vaccinations were higher among younger youth, those not using condoms, youth with greater education, that possessed a primary health care provider, and youth diagnosed with HIV. Vaccinations were lower among youth that were out-of-home due to mental health inpatient hospitalization, drug treatment, homelessness, or incarceration. Conclusions: Special programs are required to target youth experiencing multiple life stressors, especially out-of-home experiences, those with less education, and without the safety net of health insurance or a provider.

Automated summary

A study found that the vaccination rates for human papillomavirus (HPV) were similar between sexual and gender minority youths (SGMY) and heterosexual youths, despite their different risk levels for HPV-related cancers. Higher vaccination rates were observed among younger individuals, those not using condoms, individuals with higher education, those with a primary healthcare provider, and those diagnosed with HIV. Lower vaccination rates were found among youth who were out-of-home due to mental health hospitalization, drug treatment, homelessness, or incarceration.