Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.859863
Keywords
extracellular vesicles; exosomes; microvesicles; inflammation; cancer; thrombosis
Categories
Funding
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) within the special research program Cellular Mediators Linking Inflammation and Thrombosis [SFB-F54-01, SFBF54-07]
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Wurzburg, Germany
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in intercellular communication by transferring nucleotides and proteins, and are associated with diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and thrombosis. They have the potential to serve as biomarkers for diagnosis and as vehicles for therapeutics in the future.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) being defined as lipid-bilayer encircled particles are released by almost all known mammalian cell types and represent a heterogenous set of cell fragments that are found in the blood circulation and all other known body fluids. The current nomenclature distinguishes mainly three forms: microvesicles, which are formed by budding from the plasma membrane; exosomes, which are released, when endosomes with intraluminal vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane; and apoptotic bodies representing fragments of apoptotic cells. Their importance for a great variety of biological processes became increasingly evident in the last decade when it was discovered that they contribute to intercellular communication by transferring nucleotides and proteins to recipient cells. In this review, we delineate several aspects of their isolation, purification, and analysis; and discuss some pitfalls that have to be considered therein. Further on, we describe various cellular sources of EVs and explain with different examples, how they link cancer and inflammatory conditions with thrombotic processes. In particular, we elaborate on the roles of EVs in cancer-associated thrombosis and COVID-19, representing two important paradigms, where local pathological processes have systemic effects in the whole organism at least in part via EVs. Finally, we also discuss possible developments of the field in the future and how EVs might be used as biomarkers for diagnosis, and as vehicles for therapeutics.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available