Journal
GUT MICROBES
Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2044722
Keywords
Dietary fiber diversity; cardiometabolic profile; gut microbiota; Parabacteroides distasonis; Eisenbergiella sp; glycoside hydrolases
Categories
Funding
- Metagenopolis grant Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-11-DPBS-0001]
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement ERC-2017-AdG) [788191]
- Bridor
- European Research Council (ERC) [788191] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-11-DPBS-0001] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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This study found that increasing the diversity of dietary fibers in daily consumption can modify the composition and function of gut microbiota, and it may be a beneficial nutritional tool for improving cardiometabolic profile.
Some cardiometabolic risk factors such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance are known to be associated with low gut microbiota richness. A link between gut microbiota richness and the diversity of consumed dietary fibers (DF) has also been reported. We introduced a larger diversity of consumed DF by using a daily consumed bread in subjects at cardiometabolic risk and assessed the impacts on the composition and functions of gut microbiota as well as on cardiometabolic profile. Thirty-nine subjects at cardiometabolic risk were included in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, twice 8-week study, and consumed daily 150 g of standard bread or enriched with a 7-dietary fiber mixture (5.55 g and 16.05 g of fibers, respectively). Before and after intervention, stool samples were collected for gut microbiota analysis from species determination down to gene-level abundance using shotgun metagenomics, and cardiometabolic profile was assessed. Multi-fiber bread consumption significantly decreased Bacteroides vulgatus, whereas it increased Parabacteroides distasonis, Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, an unclassified Acutalibacteraceae and an unclassified Eisenbergiella (q < 0.1). The fraction of gut microbiota carrying the gene coding for five families/subfamilies of glycoside hydrolases (CAZymes) were also increased and negatively correlated with peaks and total/incremental area under curve (tAUC/iAUC) of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia. Compared to control bread, multi-fiber bread decreased total cholesterol (-0.42 mM; q < 0.01), LDL cholesterol (-0.36 mM; q < 0.01), insulin (-2.77 mIU/l; q < 0.05), and HOMA (-0.78; q < 0.05). In conclusion, increasing the diversity of DF in a daily consumed product modifies gut microbiota composition and function and could be a relevant nutritional tool to improve cardiometabolic profile.
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