4.7 Article

Barley Straw Combined with Urea and Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer Improves Lint Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Field-Seeded Cotton

Journal

AGRONOMY-BASEL
Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12051208

Keywords

straw management; N-fertilization strategy; field-seeded cotton; lint yield; N-utilization

Funding

  1. Natural Science Foundation of China [32071968]
  2. National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0201900]
  3. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop production

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Straw returning combined with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRN) can significantly increase cotton yield, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, and enhance soil quality. The combination of straw returning and a mixture of urea and CRN (UC) can promote biomass accumulation and nitrogen uptake, leading to higher nitrogen agronomic use efficiency and apparent recovery use efficiency.
Straw returning is an important method of improving soil fertility and reducing environmental pollution. Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRN) is regarded as an effective way to reduce nitrogen (N) loss and increase N-use efficiency and crop yield. In order to determine the combined effects of straw management (straw removal and straw returning) and N-fertilization strategy (CK (no N), urea, CRN, and a mixture of urea and CRN (UC)) on lint yield, N utilization, and soil properties at harvest of field-seeded cotton, field experiments were conducted from 2018 to 2019. The results demonstrated that the lint yield was the highest with a combination of straw returning and UC, increasing by 4.2-46.9% over other combinations. Straw returning combined with UC facilitated biomass-accumulation and N-uptake from squaring to the boll-opening growth stage, contributing to higher N-agronomic-use efficiency and apparent recovery-use efficiency. Moreover, regardless of the straw management, CRN or UC treatment increased the soil microbial N content and sucrase activity at harvest compared to urea or CK treatment. In summary, straw returning combined with UC was beneficial to the lint yield, N utilization, and soil N availability, which might be an optimizing strategy for field-seeded cotton.

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