Journal
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS
Volume 34, Issue -, Pages 49-211Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jheap.2022.04.002
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- BMBF [05P21PMCAA]
- DFG through the Research Training Network 2149 Strong and Weak Interactions - from Hadrons to Dark Matter
- Villum Experiment Grant [36225]
- Turkish Academy of Sciences
- Richard S. Morrison Fellowship
- Project Dioni: Computing Infrastructure for Big-Data Processing and Analysis (MIS) [5047222]
- European Union (ERDF)
- Greece through Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, NSRF 2014-2020
- DFG [456622116]
- CAPES-DAAD bilateral project Data Analysis and Model Testing in the Era of Precision Cosmology
- U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-2112527]
- ASI/INAF [2018-23-HH.0]
- Blavatnik fellowship
- Rothschild fellowship
- NOIRLab
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [740021-ARTHUS, 849169]
- STFC [ST/M004856/2, ST/S00033X/1]
- FPI [FPA2016-76005-C2-1-P]
- US Department of Energy [DE-SC0012704]
- Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Research Fellowship
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-13ER41976/DE-SC0009913]
- U.S. National Science Foundation
- DGAPA-PAPIIT UNAM Project [TA100122]
- Royal Astronomical Society [FRAS 10147]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020, PTDC/FIS-OUT/29048/2017, CERN/FIS-PAR/0037/2019]
- FCT [CEECIND/00017/2018, PTDC/FIS-AST/0054/2021]
- Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) [22425/2020]
- NSF [AST-2108536, PHY-1913328]
- Simons Foundation
- Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-SC0022184]
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Govt. of India [CRG/2021/004658]
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [FIS2017-85076-P]
- Basque Government [GIC17/116-IT956-16]
- Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEO/2020/079]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2019R1I1A1A01063740]
- Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS) - government of Korea
- Cosmology@MALTA by the University of Malta
- South African Radio Astronomy Observatory
- National Research Foundation [75415, NRF-2021M3F7A1082053]
- CNPq (Brazil)
- FAPES (Brazil)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI [JP20K14497]
- FEDER-Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020-Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI)
- FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028987, PTDC/FIS-AST/28987/2017]
- European ITN project HIDDeN [H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019//860881-HIDDeN]
- MINECO, Spain [FPA2016-76005-C2-1-P, PID2019-105614GB-C21]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2017-SGR-929]
- ICCUB [CEX2019-000918-M]
- MIUR, PRIN 2017 [20179ZF5KS]
- ASI [I/023/12/0, 2018-23HH.0]
- Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development
- Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Colleges and Universities
- Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Program [CEX2020-001007-S]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP, Sao Paulo Research Foundation) [2018/18036-5]
- National Research Foundation of Korea - Korea government (MSIT) [NRF2020R1A2C1102899]
- Science and Engineering Research Board, Govt. of India [MTR/2018/000940]
- Department of Science and Technology(DST), Govt. of India [SR/FST/MS-I/2019/41]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [001]
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
- Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) [789]
- NWO
- Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW)
- D-ITP consortium, a program of the NWO - OCW
- Maria de Maetzu fellowship grant: Esta publicacion es parte de la ayuda, financiado por MCIN/AEI [CEX2019-000918-M]
- SERB, Govt of India [CRG/2020/004347, MTR/2019/000599]
- SarAmadan grant [ISEF/M/400122]
- COST Association Action Quantum Gravity Phenomenology in the Multimessenger Approach (QG-MM) [CA18108]
- Bulgarian NSF [KP-06-N 38/11]
- Department of Energy [DESC0009946]
- National Science Foundation [PHY-2014104]
- European Union [754496]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2021YFC2203004, 2021YFA0718304]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [12105344, 12175096, 11705079]
- China Manned Space Project [CMS-CSST-2021-B01]
- Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program [XLYC1907098]
- National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China [2018YFA0404503]
- NSFC [11925303, 11720101004]
- CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team
- US National Science Foundation
- Cosmostatistics National Group (CosmoNag) project
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0022184] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/FIS-AST/28987/2017, PTDC/FIS-AST/0054/2021] Funding Source: FCT
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The paper discusses the limitations of the standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter (Lambda CDM) cosmological model and proposes new physics models to alleviate the tensions in various cosmological measurements. The authors emphasize the importance of considering a wide range of data and discuss the significance of upcoming experiments and space missions in addressing open questions in cosmology.
The standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter (Lambda CDM) cosmological model provides a good description of a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological data. However, there are a few big open questions that make the standard model look like an approximation to a more realistic scenario yet to be found. In this paper, we list a few important goals that need to be addressed in the next decade, taking into account the current discordances between the different cosmological probes, such as the disagreement in the value of the Hubble constant H-0, the sigma(8)-S-8 tension, and other less statistically significant anomalies. While these discordances can still be in part the result of systematic errors, their persistence after several years of accurate analysis strongly hints at cracks in the standard cosmological scenario and the necessity for new physics or generalisations beyond the standard model. In this paper, we focus on the 5.0 sigma tension between the Planck CMB estimate of the Hubble constant H-0 and the SH0ES collaboration measurements. After showing the H-0 evaluations made from different teams using different methods and geometric calibrations, we list a few interesting new physics models that could alleviate this tension and discuss how the next decade's experiments will be crucial. Moreover, we focus on the tension of the Planck CMB data with weak lensing measurements and redshift surveys, about the value of the matter energy density Omega(m), and the amplitude or rate of the growth of structure (sigma(8), f sigma(8)). We list a few interesting models proposed for alleviating this tension, and we discuss the importance of trying to fit a full array of data with a single model and not just one parameter at a time. Additionally, we present a wide range of other less discussed anomalies at a statistical significance level lower than the H-0-S-8 tensions which may also constitute hints towards new physics, and we discuss possible generic theoretical approaches that can collectively explain the non-standard nature of these signals. Finally, we give an overview of upgraded experiments and next-generation space missions and facilities on Earth that will be of crucial importance to address all these open questions. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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